Raw Hebrew Parsing Data¶
ISA 63:1¶
Hebrew: מִי־זֶה בָּא מֵאֱדֹום חֲמוּץ בְּגָדִים מִבָּצְרָה זֶה הָדוּר בִּלְבוּשׁוֹ צֹעֶה בְּרֹב כֹּחוֹ אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר בִּצְדָקָה רַב לְהוֹשִׁיעַ
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| מִי | מי | IntPron | who |
| זֶה | זה | DemPron.ms | this |
| בָּא | בוא | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | come |
| מֵאֱדֹום | אדום | Prep + PropN | from Edom |
| חֲמוּץ | חמוץ | Adj.ms.Cst | coloured/dyed |
| בְּגָדִים | בגד | Noun.mp.Abs | garments |
| מִבָּצְרָה | בצרה | Prep + PropN | from Bozrah |
| זֶה | זה | DemPron.ms | this |
| הָדוּר | הדר | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | glorious/honoured |
| בִּלְבוּשׁוֹ | לבושׁ | Noun.ms + 3ms | in his clothing |
| צֹעֶה | צעה | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | marching/striding |
| בְּרֹב | רב | Noun.ms.Cst | in greatness of |
| כֹּחוֹ | כח | Noun.ms + 3ms | his strength |
| אֲנִי | אני | PersPron.1s | I |
| מְדַבֵּר | דבר | Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms.Abs | speaking |
| בִּצְדָקָה | צדקה | Noun.fs.Abs | in righteousness |
| רַב | רב | Adj.ms.Abs | great/mighty |
| לְהוֹשִׁיעַ | ישׁע | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon | to save |
ISA 63:3¶
Hebrew: פּוּרָה דָּרַכְתִּי לְבַדִּי וּמֵעַמִּים אֵין־אִישׁ אִתִּי וְאֶדְרְכֵם בְּאַפִּי וְאֶרְמְסֵם בַּחֲמָתִי וְיֵז נִצְחָם עַל־בְּגָדַי וְכָל־מַלְבּוּשַׁי אֶגְאָלְתִּי
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| פּוּרָה | פורה (H6333) | Noun.fs.Abs | winepress/trough |
| דָּרַכְתִּי | דרך (H1869) | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | I have trodden |
| לְבַדִּי | בד | Prep + Noun.ms + 1us | alone/by myself |
| וּמֵעַמִּים | עם | Conj + Prep + Noun.mp | and from peoples |
| אֵין | אין | Neg.particle | there is not |
| אִישׁ | אישׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | a man |
| אִתִּי | את | Prep + 1us | with me |
| וְאֶדְרְכֵם | דרך (H1869) | Conj + Verb.Qal.Impf.1s + 3mp | and I will tread them |
| בְּאַפִּי | אף | Prep + Noun.ms + 1us | in my anger |
| וְאֶרְמְסֵם | רמס | Conj + Verb.Qal.Impf.1s + 3mp | and I will trample them |
| בַּחֲמָתִי | חמה | Prep + Noun.fs + 1us | in my fury/wrath |
| וְיֵז | נזה | Conj + Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms | and it spatters |
| נִצְחָם | נצח | Noun.ms + 3mp | their blood-spout/lifeblood |
| עַל־בְּגָדַי | בגד | Prep + Noun.mp + 1us | upon my garments |
| וְכָל | כל | Conj + Noun.ms.Cst | and all of |
| מַלְבּוּשַׁי | מלבושׁ | Noun.mp + 1us | my garments/raiment |
| אֶגְאָלְתִּי | גאל | Verb.Qal.Perf.1s | I have stained/polluted |
Key observations on Isa 63:3 Hebrew:¶
- פּוּרָה (H6333 purah) = winepress — only 2 OT occurrences (here + Hag 2:16)
- דָּרַכְתִּי (H1869 darak) = "I have trodden" — Qal Perfect 1s, completed action
- The shift from Perfect (דָּרַכְתִּי "I have trodden") to Imperfect (וְאֶדְרְכֵם "and I will tread them") indicates the warrior has begun and will continue
- בְּאַפִּי = "in my anger" (literally "in my nose" — Hebrew idiom for anger)
- בַּחֲמָתִי = "in my fury" (from חמה, heat/wrath)
- נִצְחָם = "their lifeblood" — the blood spatters on the warrior's garments
- אֶגְאָלְתִּי from גאל meaning "to stain/pollute" — ironic homophone with גאל "to redeem." The warrior who redeems (v.4 "the year of my redeemed") also stains his garments with the blood of judgment.
Connection to Rev 19:13¶
- Isa 63:1: "dyed garments" (חֲמוּץ בְּגָדִים) → Rev 19:13: "vesture dipped (βεβαμμένον, βάπτω G911) in blood (αἵματι)"
- Isa 63:3: blood on garments from treading → Rev 19:15: "he treadeth (πατεῖ, πατέω G3961) the winepress (ληνόν, G3025)"
- The winepress imagery of Isa 63 is the OT source for Rev 19:13-15