Skip to content

Topics Research

Question

Are the seven trumpets of Revelation 8-11 warnings that sound during Christ's intercessory ministry? What evidence proves they are warnings (not final judgment) and that they occur before, not after, the close of probation? What is the biblical basis for connecting the trumpets to the Feast of Trumpets that precedes the Day of Atonement?

Topics

TRUMPET

  • Made of ram's horn JOS 6:4-6,8,13
  • Made of silver NUM 10:2
  • Uses of, prescribed by Moses NUM 10:1-10
  • Used in war JOB 39:24,25; JER 4:19; 6:1,17; 42:14; 51:27; EZK 7:14; AMO 2:2; 3:6; ZEP 1:16; 1CO 14:8
  • To summon soldiers: By Phinehas NUM 31:6; By Ehud JDG 3:27; By Gideon JDG 6:34; By Saul 1SA 13:3; By Joab 2SA 2:28; 18:16; 20:22; By Absalom 2SA 15:10; By Sheba 2SA 20:1; By Nehemiah NEH 4:18,20
  • By Gideon's soldiers JDG 7:8-22
  • In war, of Abijah 2CH 13:12,14
  • In the siege of Jericho JOS 6:4-20
  • Sounded in time of danger EZK 33:3-6; JOL 2:1
  • Used at Mount Sinai EXO 19:13-19; 20:18; HEB 12:19
  • On the great day of atonement ISA 27:13
  • At the jubilee LEV 25:9
  • At the bringing up of the ark 2SA 6:5,15; 1CH 13:8; 15:28
  • At the anointing of kings 1KI 1:34,39; 2KI 9:13; 11:14
  • At the dedication of Solomon's temple 2CH 5:12,13; 7:6
  • In worship 1CH 15:24; 16:42; 25:5; PSA 81:3,4
  • At Jehoshaphat's triumph 2CH 20:28
  • At the foundation of the second temple EZR 3:10,11
  • At the dedication of the wall NEH 12:35,41
  • FIGURATIVE ISA 27:13; EZK 33:3; JOL 2:1; ZEC 9:14; MAT 6:2
  • SYMBOLICAL MAT 24:31; 1CO 15:52; 1TH 4:16; REV 1:10; 4:1; 8; 9:1-14; 10:7; 11:15

TRUMPETS (FEAST OF)

  • When and how observed LEV 23:24,25; NUM 29:1-6
  • Celebrated after the captivity with joy NEH 8:2,9-12

INCENSE

  • Formula for compounding EXO 30:34,35
  • Uses of EXO 30:36-38; LEV 16:12; NUM 16:17,40,46; DEU 33:10
  • Compounded by Bezaleel EXO 37:29
  • By priests 1CH 9:30
  • Offered morning and evening EXO 30:7,8; 2CH 13:11
  • On the golden altar EXO 30:1-7; 40:5,27; 2CH 2:4; 32:12
  • In making atonement LEV 16:12,13; NUM 16:46,47; LUK 1:10
  • Offered by Nadab and Abihu in unauthorized manner LEV 10:1,2
  • Korah, Dathan, and Abiram NUM 16:16-35
  • By Uzziah 2CH 26:16-21
  • Offered in idolatrous worship 1KI 12:23; JER 41:5; EZK 8:11
  • FIGURATIVE: Of prayer PSA 141:2; Of praise MAL 1:11; Of an acceptable sacrifice EPH 5:2
  • SYMBOLICAL: Of the prayers of saints REV 5:8; 8:3,4

ATONEMENT

  • For tabernacle and furniture LEV 16:15-20,33
  • In consummation of the Levites NUM 8:21
  • For those defiled by the dead NUM 6:11
  • By meat offerings LEV 5:11-13
  • By jewels NUM 31:50
  • By money EXO 30:12-16; LEV 5:15,16; 2KI 12:16
  • By incense NUM 16:46-50
  • DAY OF:
  • Time of EXO 30:10; LEV 23:27; 25:9; NUM 29:7
  • How observed EXO 30:10; LEV 16:2-34; 23:27-32; NUM 29:7-11; ACT 27:9; HEB 5:3; 9:7,19,22
  • MADE BY ANIMAL SACRIFICES: EXO 29:36; LEV 1:4; 4:20,22-35; 16:6,10,11,15-19,24-34; 17:11; NUM 15:22-28; HEB 9:22
  • MADE BY JESUS: Divinely ordained LUK 2:30,31; GAL 4:4,5; EPH 1:3-12; 1PE 1:20; REV 13:8; Redemption by MAT 20:28; ACT 20:28; GAL 3:13; HEB 9:12; REV 5:9; Typified LEV 16:30,34 with HEB 9:7,12,28; LEV 17:11 with HEB 9:22

REPENTANCE

  • A complete reversal of one's attitude and values, turning toward God
  • Attributed to God GEN 6:6,7; EXO 32:14; JON 3:9,10
  • The burden of the preaching of John the Baptist MAT 3; of Jesus MAT 4:17; MRK 1:15
  • Exhortation to PRO 1:23-33; JER 7:3,5; 26:3; HOS 14:1-3; AMO 5:4-6; MAT 3:2
  • Condition of God's favor LEV 26:40-42; 2CH 7:14
  • UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES: LEV 26:40-42; DEU 4:29-31; 2CH 7:14; JOB 33:26-28; PSA 95:7,8; PRO 1:22,23; ISA 55:6,7; JER 3:12-14; 7:5,7; 18:8,11; 25:5; EZK 14:6; 18:21-23,30-32; 33:10-12,14-16,19; JOL 1:14; 2:12,13,15-18; AMO 4:12; 5:6,15; JON 3:8,9; ZEC 1:3; MAL 3:7; MAT 3:2,7,8; 4:17; MRK 1:15; ACT 2:38,40; 3:19; 17:30; ROM 2:4; REV 2:5; 3:2,3,19; 9:20-21

JUDGMENT (THE GENERAL)

  • 1CH 16:33; PSA 9:7; 50:3-6; 96:13; 98:9; ECC 3:17; 12:14; DAN 7:9,10; AMO 4:12; MAT 25:1-46; ACT 17:31; ROM 2:5-10; 2CO 5:10; HEB 9:27; 2PE 3:7,10-12; REV 1:7; 6:15-17; 11:18; 20:11-15; 22:12
  • According to opportunity and works: MAT 10:14,15; 11:24; 12:37; LUK 12:47,48; ROM 2:5-12; REV 2:23; 20:12,13

PLAGUE

  • As a judgment on the Egyptians PSA 105; 135:8,9; ACT 7:36
  • The plagues of: Blood EXO 7:14-25; Frogs EXO 8:1-15; Lice EXO 8:16-19; Flies EXO 8:20; On cattle EXO 9:1-7; Boils EXO 9:8-12; Hail EXO 9:18-34; Locusts EXO 10:1-20; Darkness EXO 10:21-23; Death of firstborn EXO 11:4-7; 12:17,29,30
  • On the Israelites: After eating quail NUM 11:33; Refusing promised land NUM 14:37; Complaining about Korah NUM 16:41-50; Serpents NUM 21:6; Sin of Peor JOS 22:17; David's sin 2SA 24:10-25
  • Foretold REV 11:6; 15:1,6-8; 16; 22:18,19

CHASTISEMENT

  • FROM GOD LEV 26:28; DEU 11:2,9; 2SA 7:14,15; 2CH 6:24-31; 7:13,14; JOB 5:17; 33:19; PSA 94:12,13; 118:18; 119:67,75; PRO 3:11,12; ISA 26:16; JER 2:30; HEB 12:5-11; REV 3:19

FEASTS (ANNUAL FESTIVALS)

  • Designated as SOLEMN FEASTS NUM 15:3; 2CH 8:13; SET FEASTS NUM 29:39; HOLY CONVOCATIONS LEV 23:4
  • First and last days were SABBATIC LEV 23:39,40
  • Kept with rejoicing LEV 23:40; DEU 16:11-14; 2CH 30:21-26; PSA 42:4; 122:4
  • The three principal were: PASSOVER, PENTECOST, TABERNACLES
  • All males required to attend EXO 23:17; 34:23; DEU 16:16

ALTAR (from Nave's)

  • Altar of incense: EXO 30:1-7; REV 6:9; 8:3,5; 9:13; 14:18; 16:7
  • The golden altar appears across all three judgment sequences in Revelation

WARNING (WICKED, WARNED)

  • See main topic CHASTISEMENT and REPENTANCE entries above
  • Key pattern: God warns before he judges (AMO 3:7; EZK 33:11; 2PE 3:9; 2CH 36:15-16)

PRAYER (connection to incense)

  • PSA 141:2; LUK 1:10; REV 5:8; 8:3-4
  • Incense explicitly equated with prayer in both OT and NT

Research gathered: 2026-03-12