Raw Data: Greek Parsing¶

REV 1:1¶

Greek: Ἀποκάλυψις Ἰησοῦ Χριστοῦ, ἣν ἔδωκεν αὐτῷ ὁ Θεός, δεῖξαι τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι ἐν τάχει, καὶ ἐσήμανεν ἀποστείλας διὰ τοῦ ἀγγέλου αὐτοῦ, τῷ δούλῳ αὐτοῦ Ἰωάνῃ,

Key words: - δεῖ (dei, G1163) — Pres Act Ind 3S — "it is necessary" — present tense = ongoing divine necessity - γενέσθαι (genesthai, G1096) — Aor Mid Inf — "to come to be/happen" - ἐν τάχει (en tachei, G1722+G5034) — Dat Sg N — "in quickness/speed" (prepositional phrase) - ἐσήμανεν (esEmanen, G4591) — Aor Act Ind 3S — "he signified" — key: communication through signs/symbols

Formula: "ha dei genesthai en tachei" = "things which must come to pass in/with quickness"

REV 1:3¶

Greek: Μακάριος ὁ ἀναγινώσκων καὶ οἱ ἀκούοντες τοὺς λόγους τῆς προφητείας καὶ τηροῦντες τὰ ἐν αὐτῇ γεγραμμένα· ὁ γὰρ καιρὸς ἐγγύς.

Key words: - καιρὸς (kairos, G2540) — Nom Sg M — "the appointed time/season" - ἐγγύς (engys, G1451) — ADV — "near/at hand" - "ho gar kairos engys" = "for the appointed season [is] near"

REV 1:19¶

Greek: γράψον οὖν ἃ εἶδες καὶ ἃ εἰσὶν καὶ ἃ μέλλει γενέσθαι μετὰ ταῦτα.

Three temporal categories: - ἃ εἶδες (ha eides) — Aor Act Ind 2S — "things which you saw" = PAST - ἃ εἰσὶν (ha eisin) — Pres Act Ind 3P — "things which are" = PRESENT - ἃ μέλλει γενέσθαι (ha mellei genesthai) — Pres Act Ind + Aor Mid Inf — "things about to come to be" = FUTURE

REV 22:6¶

Greek: Καὶ εἶπέν μοι Οὗτοι οἱ λόγοι πιστοὶ καὶ ἀληθινοί, καὶ ὁ Κύριος ὁ Θεὸς τῶν πνευμάτων τῶν προφητῶν ἀπέστειλεν τὸν ἄγγελον αὐτοῦ δεῖξαι τοῖς δούλοις αὐτοῦ ἃ δεῖ γενέσθαι ἐν τάχει.

IDENTICAL FORMULA to Rev 1:1: "ha dei genesthai en tachei" - δεῖ (dei) — Pres Act Ind 3S — same form as Rev 1:1 - γενέσθαι — Aor Mid Inf — same form - ἐν τάχει — same prepositional phrase This confirms the inclusio: the phrase frames the entire book.

REV 22:10¶

Greek: Καὶ λέγει μοι Μὴ σφραγίσῃς τοὺς λόγους τῆς προφητείας τοῦ βιβλίου τούτου· ὁ καιρὸς γὰρ ἐγγύς ἐστιν.

Key words: - Μὴ σφραγίσῃς (mE sphragisEs) — Aor Act Subj 2S — "do not seal" — prohibitive subjunctive - ὁ καιρὸς ... ἐγγύς ἐστιν — "the appointed time is near" - CONTRAST with Dan 12:4: Daniel told to SEAL; John told NOT to seal - Reason: "for the kairos is near"

REV 22:20¶

Greek: Λέγει ὁ μαρτυρῶν ταῦτα Ναί, ἔρχομαι ταχύ. Ἀμήν, ἔρχου Κύριε Ἰησοῦ.

Key words: - ἔρχομαι (erchomai, G2064) — Pres M/P Ind 1S — "I come" — PRESENT tense (futuristic present) - ταχύ (tachy, G5035) — ADV — "quickly" - ἔρχου (erchou) — Pres M/P Impv 2S — "Come!" — present imperative (John's response) - Ναί (nai) — emphatic "Yes/Surely"

LUK 18:7¶

Greek: ὁ δὲ Θεὸς οὐ μὴ ποιήσῃ τὴν ἐκδίκησιν τῶν ἐκλεκτῶν αὐτοῦ τῶν βοώντων αὐτῷ ἡμέρας καὶ νυκτός, καὶ μακροθυμεῖ ἐπ' αὐτοῖς;

Key words: - οὐ μὴ ποιήσῃ (ou mE poiEsE) — double negative + Aor Act Subj — strongest possible negation: "will He absolutely not execute?" - ἐκδίκησιν (ekdikEsin, G1557) — Acc Sg F — "vindication/avenging" - βοώντων (boOntOn) — Pres Act Ptcp Gen Pl M — "who are crying out" — present = continuous - μακροθυμεῖ (makrothumei, G3114) — Pres Act Ind 3S — "he is long-suffering/bears long"

LUK 18:8¶

Greek: λέγω ὑμῖν ὅτι ποιήσει τὴν ἐκδίκησιν αὐτῶν ἐν τάχει. πλὴν ὁ Υἱὸς τοῦ ἀνθρώπου ἐλθὼν ἆρα εὑρήσει τὴν πίστιν ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς;

Key words: - ποιήσει (poiEsei) — Fut Act Ind 3S — "He WILL execute" — future certainty - ἐν τάχει (en tachei, G5034) — "speedily/with quickness" - ἐλθὼν (elthOn) — Aor Act Ptcp Nom Sg M — "having come" — aorist participle = when He comes - ἆρα (ara, G687) — interrogative particle — expects uncertain answer - εὑρήσει (heurEsei) — Fut Act Ind 3S — "will He find?" - τὴν πίστιν (tEn pistin) — "THE faith" (definite article = specific faith)

CRITICAL TENSION: en tachei + "will He find faith?" — if vindication were immediate, faith question makes no sense

ROM 16:20¶

Greek: ὁ δὲ Θεὸς τῆς εἰρήνης συντρίψει τὸν Σατανᾶν ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν ἐν τάχει.

Key words: - συντρίψει (syntripsei, G4937) — Fut Act Ind 3S — "will crush/shatter" - Σατανᾶν (Satanan, G4567) — Acc Sg M — "Satan" - ὑπὸ τοὺς πόδας ὑμῶν — "under YOUR feet" — plural, addressed to Romans - ἐν τάχει — "shortly/with quickness" - Gen 3:15 allusion: protoevangelium — "it shall bruise thy head"

2PE 3:8¶

Greek: Ἓν δὲ τοῦτο μὴ λανθανέτω ὑμᾶς, ἀγαπητοί, ὅτι μία ἡμέρα παρὰ Κυρίῳ ὡς χίλια ἔτη καὶ χίλια ἔτη ὡς ἡμέρα μία.

Key words: - λανθανέτω (lanthanetO, G2990) — Pres Act Impv 3S — "let it not escape your notice" - παρὰ Κυρίῳ (para KyriO) — "with/in the presence of the Lord" - χίλια ἔτη (chilia etE) — "a thousand years" - Allusion to Ps 90:4

2PE 3:9¶

Greek: οὐ βραδύνει Κύριος τῆς ἐπαγγελίας, ὥς τινες βραδύτητα ἡγοῦνται, ἀλλὰ μακροθυμεῖ εἰς ὑμᾶς, μὴ βουλόμενός τινας ἀπολέσθαι ἀλλὰ πάντας εἰς μετάνοιαν χωρῆσαι.

Key words: - βραδύνει (bradynei, G1019) — Pres Act Ind 3S — "is delaying/being slow" — NEGATED: "does NOT delay" - βραδύτητα (bradytEta, G1022) — Acc Sg F — "slackness/tardiness" - μακροθυμεῖ (makrothumei, G3114) — Pres Act Ind 3S — "is longsuffering" — CONTRAST: not bradynO but makrothumeO - βουλόμενός (boulomenos, G1014) — Pres M/P Ptcp Nom Sg M — "willing/wishing" - ἀπολέσθαι (apolesthai, G622) — Aor Mid Inf — "to perish" - μετάνοιαν (metanoian, G3341) — Acc Sg F — "repentance"

REV 2:5¶

Greek: ... εἰ δὲ μή, ἔρχομαί σοι καὶ κινήσω τὴν λυχνίαν σου ἐκ τοῦ τόπου αὐτῆς, ἐὰν μὴ μετανοήσῃς.

Key: ἔρχομαί (erchomai) — Pres M/P Ind 1S — "I am coming" — CONDITIONAL on non-repentance Note: KJV has "quickly" here (from G5034 in some MSS; G5035 in N1904 = tachy)

REV 3:11¶

Greek: ἔρχομαι ταχύ· κράτει ὃ ἔχεις, ἵνα μηδεὶς λάβῃ τὸν στέφανόν σου.

Key words: - ἔρχομαι ταχύ (erchomai tachy) — "I come quickly" - κράτει (kratei) — Pres Act Impv 2S — "hold fast" — present imperative = continuous action - Transitional use: between conditional-disciplinary (2:5, 2:16) and eschatological (22:7, 22:12, 22:20)

REV 12:5¶

Greek: καὶ ἔτεκεν υἱόν, ἄρσεν, ὃς μέλλει ποιμαίνειν πάντα τὰ ἔθνη ἐν ῥάβδῳ σιδηρᾷ· καὶ ἡρπάσθη τὸ τέκνον αὐτῆς πρὸς τὸν Θεὸν καὶ πρὸς τὸν θρόνον αὐτοῦ.

Key words: - ἔτεκεν (eteken, G5088) — Aor Act Ind 3S — "she brought forth" — aorist = completed - ἡρπάσθη (hErpasthE, G726) — Aor Pass Ind 3S — "was caught up" — aorist passive = completed - BOTH aorists: birth and ascension presented as accomplished facts WITHIN the Revelation narrative

REV 12:12¶

Greek: ... ὅτι κατέβη ὁ διάβολος πρὸς ὑμᾶς ἔχων θυμὸν μέγαν, εἰδὼς ὅτι ὀλίγον καιρὸν ἔχει.

Key words: - ὀλίγον καιρὸν (oligon kairon) — "a short/little season (kairos)" - ἔχει (echei) — Pres Act Ind 3S — "he has" — present tense: currently possessing limited time - εἰδὼς (eidOs) — Perf Act Ptcp — "knowing" — perfect: settled knowledge - Uses kairos (not chronos) — qualitative appointed season, not mere duration

REV 6:11¶

Greek: ... ἵνα ἀναπαύσωνται ἔτι χρόνον μικρόν, ἕως πληρωθῶσιν καὶ οἱ σύνδουλοι αὐτῶν...

Key words: - χρόνον μικρόν (chronon mikron) — "a little time/season" — uses CHRONOS (duration), not kairos - ἀναπαύσωνται (anapausOntai) — Aor Mid Subj 3P — "they should rest" - πληρωθῶσιν (plErOthOsin) — Aor Pass Subj 3P — "should be fulfilled/completed" - NOTE: explicit temporal extension — "rest yet for a little chronos"

MRK 1:15¶

Greek: καὶ λέγων ὅτι Πεπλήρωται ὁ καιρὸς καὶ ἤγγικεν ἡ βασιλεία τοῦ Θεοῦ· μετανοεῖτε καὶ πιστεύετε ἐν τῷ εὐαγγελίῳ.

Key words: - Πεπλήρωται (peplErOtai) — Perf Pass Ind 3S — "has been fulfilled" — PERFECT tense: completed with ongoing result - ὁ καιρὸς — "THE kairos" — definite = the specific appointed time - ἤγγικεν (Eggiken) — Perf Act Ind 3S — "has drawn near" — PERFECT: arrived and remains near - Same kairos + engys vocabulary as Rev 1:3 and Rev 22:10

ACT 12:7¶

Greek: ... πατάξας δὲ τὴν πλευρὰν τοῦ Πέτρου ἤγειρεν αὐτὸν λέγων Ἀνάστα ἐν τάχει.

Key: "Arise en tachei" = "Arise quickly" — MANNER-OF-ACTION usage (physical speed, not temporal prophecy)

ACT 25:4¶

Greek: ὁ μὲν οὖν Φῆστος ἀπεκρίθη τηρεῖσθαι τὸν Παῦλον εἰς Καισαρίαν, ἑαυτὸν δὲ μέλλειν ἐν τάχει ἐκπορεύεσθαι·

Key: "himself was about en tachei to depart" = "shortly" — TEMPORAL NEARNESS usage (near future travel plan)