Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶
Daniel 8:13¶
Hebrew: וָאֶשְׁמְעָה אֶחָד־קָדושׁ מְדַבֵּר וַיֹּאמֶר אֶחָד קָדושׁ לַפַּלְמוֹנִי הַמְדַבֵּר עַד־מָתַי הֶחָזוֹן הַתָּמִיד וְהַפֶּשַׁע שׁמֵם תֵּת וְקֹדֶשׁ וְצָבָא מִרְמָס
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וָ | ו | Conj | and |
| אֶשְׁמְעָה | שׁמע | Verb.Qal.Wayq.1s | hear |
| אֶחָד | אחד | Noun.s.Abs | one |
| קָדושׁ | קדושׁ | Adj.ms.Abs | holy |
| מְדַבֵּר | דבר | Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms.Abs | speak |
| וַיֹּאמֶר | אמר | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | say |
| אֶחָד | אחד | Noun.s.Abs | one |
| קָדושׁ | קדושׁ | Adj.ms.Abs | holy |
| לַפַּלְמוֹנִי | פלמני | Noun.ms.Abs | a certain |
| הַמְדַבֵּר | דבר | Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms.Abs | speak |
| עַד | עד | Prep | unto |
| מָתַי | מתי | Introg | when |
| הֶחָזוֹן | חזון | Noun.ms.Abs | vision |
| הַתָּמִיד | תמיד | Noun.ms.Abs | continuity |
| וְהַפֶּשַׁע | פשׁע | Noun.ms.Abs | rebellion |
| שׁמֵם | שׁמם | Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | be desolate |
| תֵּת | נתן | Verb.Qal.InfCon | give |
| וְקֹדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | holiness |
| וְצָבָא | צבא | Noun.ms.Abs | service/host |
| מִרְמָס | מרמס | Noun.ms.Abs | trampled land |
Daniel 8:14¶
Hebrew: וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְפַּיִם וּשְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַיֹּאמֶר | אמר | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | say |
| אֵלַי | אל | Prep.+1us | to me |
| עַד | עד | Prep | unto |
| עֶרֶב | ערב | Noun.ms.Abs | evening |
| בֹּקֶר | בקר | Noun.ms.Abs | morning |
| אַלְפַּיִם | אלף | Noun.d.Abs | thousand (dual = 2000) |
| וּשְׁלשׁ | שׁלשׁ | Noun.s.Cst | three |
| מֵאוֹת | מאה | Noun.fp.Abs | hundred |
| וְנִצְדַּק | צדק | Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms | be just/vindicated |
| קֹדֶשׁ | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | holiness/sanctuary |
Key: נִצְדַּק = Niphal Perfect 3ms of צדק. Niphal = passive/reflexive ("be justified"). Perfect = completed action. Subject = קֹדֶשׁ (sanctuary).
Daniel 8:26¶
Hebrew: וּמַרְאֵה הָעֶרֶב וְהַבֹּקֶר אֲשֶׁר נֶאֱמַר אֱמֶת הוּא וְאַתָּה סְתֹם הֶחָזוֹן כִּי לְיָמִים רַבִּים
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וּמַרְאֵה | מראה | Noun.ms.Cst | sight/vision |
| הָעֶרֶב | ערב | Art+Noun.ms.Abs | THE evening |
| וְהַבֹּקֶר | בקר | Conj+Art+Noun.ms.Abs | and THE morning |
| אֲשֶׁר | אשׁר | Conj | which |
| נֶאֱמַר | אמר | Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms | was spoken |
| אֱמֶת | אמת | Noun.fs.Abs | truth |
| הוּא | הוא | PersPron.3ms | it |
| וְאַתָּה | אתה | PersPron.2ms | you |
| סְתֹם | סתם | Verb.Qal.Impv.2ms | seal up |
| הֶחָזוֹן | חזון | Noun.ms.Abs | the vision |
| כִּי | כי | Conj | for/because |
| לְיָמִים | יום | Noun.mp.Abs | days |
| רַבִּים | רב | Adj.mp.Abs | many |
Key contrast: 8:26 uses BOTH ha-ereb ve-ha-boqer (with articles, back-referencing 8:14) AND yamim ("days"). Daniel distinguishes ereb-boqer from yamim — they are not interchangeable.
Daniel 9:24¶
Hebrew: שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעִים נֶחְתַּךְ עַל־עַמְּךָ וְעַל־עִיר קָדְשֶׁךָ לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע וּלְהָתֵם חַטָּאת וּלְכַפֵּר עָוֹן וּלְהָבִיא צֶדֶק עֹלָמִים וְלַחְתֹּם חָזוֹן וְנָבִיא וְלִמְשֹׁחַ קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| שָׁבֻעִים | שׁבוע | Noun.mp.Abs | weeks |
| שִׁבְעִים | שׁבע | Noun.mp.Abs | seventy |
| נֶחְתַּךְ | חתך | Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms | be determined/cut off |
| עַל עַמְּךָ | עם | upon your people | |
| וְעַל עִיר קָדְשֶׁךָ | upon your holy city | ||
| לְכַלֵּא | כלה | Verb.Piel.InfCon | to finish/restrain |
| הַפֶּשַׁע | פשׁע | Noun.ms.Abs | THE rebellion |
| וּלְהָתֵם | תמם | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon | to seal up/complete |
| חַטָּאת | חטאת | Noun.fs.Abs | sin |
| וּלְכַפֵּר | כפר | Verb.Piel.InfCon | to cover/atone |
| עָוֹן | עון | Noun.ms.Abs | iniquity |
| וּלְהָבִיא | בוא | Verb.Hiphil.InfCon | to bring in |
| צֶדֶק | צדק | Noun.ms.Cst | righteousness |
| עֹלָמִים | עולם | Noun.mp.Abs | everlasting |
| וְלַחְתֹּם | חתם | Verb.Qal.InfCon | to seal |
| חָזוֹן | חזון | Noun.ms.Abs | vision |
| וְנָבִיא | נביא | Noun.ms.Abs | prophet |
| וְלִמְשֹׁחַ | משׁח | Verb.Qal.InfCon | to anoint |
| קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים | קדשׁ | Noun.ms.Cst + Noun.mp.Abs | holy of holies |
Shared roots with 8:13-14: pesha (8:12,13 → 9:24), tsedeq/tsadaq (8:14 → 9:24), kaphar (NOT in 8:14, YES in 9:24), qodesh (8:13,14 → 9:24), chazon (8:13 → 9:24)
Genesis 1:5¶
Hebrew: וַיִּקְרָא אֱלֹהִים לָאוֹר יוֹם וְלַחֹשֶׁךְ קָרָא לָיְלָה וַיְהִי־עֶרֶב וַיְהִי־בֹקֶר יוֹם אֶחָד
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וַיִּקְרָא | קרא | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | called |
| אֱלֹהִים | אלהים | Noun.mp.Abs | God |
| לָאוֹר | אור | Noun.s.Abs | light |
| יוֹם | יום | Noun.ms.Abs | Day |
| וְלַחֹשֶׁךְ | חשׁך | Noun.ms.Abs | darkness |
| קָרָא | קרא | Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms | called |
| לָיְלָה | לילה | Noun.ms.Abs | Night |
| וַיְהִי | היה | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | and there was |
| עֶרֶב | ערב | Noun.ms.Abs | evening |
| וַיְהִי | היה | Verb.Qal.Wayq.3ms | and there was |
| בֹקֶר | בקר | Noun.ms.Abs | morning |
| יוֹם | יום | Noun.ms.Abs | day |
| אֶחָד | אחד | Noun.s.Abs | one/first |
Pattern: vayhi + ereb (Conj+verb + evening) + vayhi + boqer (Conj+verb + morning) + yom + ordinal Dan 8:14 contrast: ereb boqer (bare nouns, no conjunction, no verb, no yom)
Leviticus 23:32¶
Hebrew: ... בָּעֶרֶב מֵעֶרֶב עַד־עֶרֶב תִּשְׁבְּתוּ שַׁבַּתְּכֶם
| Hebrew | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| בָּעֶרֶב | ערב | Prep+Noun.ms.Abs | in the evening |
| מֵעֶרֶב | ערב | Prep+Noun.ms.Abs | from evening |
| עַד | עד | Prep | unto |
| עֶרֶב | ערב | Noun.ms.Abs | evening |
| תִּשְׁבְּתוּ | שׁבת | Verb.Qal.Impf.2mp | you shall rest |
DOA pattern: me-ereb ad-ereb = "from evening to evening" — NO morning, boundary markers only Dan 8:14 contrast: ereb boqer = "evening morning" — includes morning, component-based
Leviticus 16:19¶
Hebrew: וְהִזָּה עָלָיו מִן־הַדָּם בְּאֶצְבָּעוֹ שֶׁבַע פְּעָמִים וְטִהֲרוֹ וְקִדְּשׁוֹ מִטֻּמְאֹת בְּנֵי יִשְׂרָאֵל
Key verb: וְטִהֲרוֹ = Piel Perfect 3ms + 3ms suffix of טהר (taher) = "and he shall cleanse it" NOT tsadaq. The DOA uses taher for cleansing.
Leviticus 16:30¶
Hebrew: כִּי־בַיּוֹם הַזֶּה יְכַפֵּר עֲלֵיכֶם לְטַהֵר אֶתְכֶם מִכֹּל חַטֹּאתֵיכֶם לִפְנֵי יְהוָה תִּטְהָרוּ
Key verbs: - יְכַפֵּר = Piel Imperfect 3ms of כפר (kaphar) = "he shall make atonement" - לְטַהֵר = Piel Infinitive Construct of טהר (taher) = "to cleanse" - תִּטְהָרוּ = Qal Imperfect 2mp of טהר (taher) = "you shall be clean"
DOA uses kaphar AND taher. Dan 8:14 uses NEITHER — it uses tsadaq.
Job 9:2¶
Hebrew: ... וּמַה־יִּצְדַּק אֱנוֹשׁ עִם־אֵל
Key verb: יִּצְדַּק = Qal Imperfect 3ms of צדק (tsadaq) = "how can man be justified" Context: courtroom — "how should man be just WITH God?" (legal standing before divine judge)
Job 25:4¶
Hebrew: וּמַה־יִּצְדַּק אֱנוֹשׁ עִם־אֵל וּמַה־יִּזְכֶּה יְלוּד אִשָּׁה
Key verb: יִּצְדַּק = Qal Imperfect 3ms of צדק = "how can man be justified" Parallel: יִּזְכֶּה = Qal Imperfect 3ms of זכה = "how can he be clean" (different word from taher — moral purity, not ritual)
Psalm 51:4 (MT 51:6)¶
Hebrew: הֶרֶב כַּבְּסֵנִי מֵעֲוֹנִי וּמֵחַטָּאתִי טַהֲרֵנִי
Key verb: טַהֲרֵנִי = Piel Imperfect 2ms + 1us suffix of טהר (taher) = "cleanse me" Note: This is v.2 (MT v.4), asking for ritual cleansing. Verse 4 (MT v.6) uses tsadaq: "that thou mightest be justified [titsdaq] when thou speakest" — courtroom context.
Isaiah 43:9¶
Hebrew: ... יִתְּנוּ עֵדֵיהֶם וְיִצְדָּקוּ
Key verb: וְיִצְדָּקוּ = Qal Imperfect 3mp of צדק = "that they may be justified" Context: witnesses, trial — "let them bring forth their witnesses, that they may be justified"
Isaiah 43:26¶
Hebrew: הַזְכִּירֵנִי נִשָּׁפְטָה יָחַד סַפֵּר אַתָּה לְמַעַן תִּצְדָּק
Key verb: תִּצְדָּק = Qal Imperfect 2ms of צדק = "that you may be justified" Context: courtroom — "let us plead together [nishshaphetah, Niphal of shaphat]... declare, that you may be justified"
Daniel 7:9 (Aramaic)¶
Aramaic: חָזֵה הֲוֵית עַד דִּי כָרְסָוָן רְמִיו וְעַתִּיק יוֹמִין יְתִב ...
| Aramaic | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| חָזֵה | חזה | Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | seeing |
| הֲוֵית | הוה | Verb.peal.Perf.1s | I was |
| עַד דִּי | עד/די | Prep | until |
| כָרְסָוָן | כרסא | Noun.mp.Abs | thrones |
| רְמִיו | רמה | Verb.peil.Perf.3mp | were placed/set up |
| עַתִּיק | עתיק | Adj.ms.Cst | ancient |
| יוֹמִין | יום | Noun.mp.Abs | of days |
| יְתִב | יתב | Verb.peal.Perf.3ms | sat down |
| כָּרְסְיֵהּ | כרסא | Noun.ms.Abs+3ms | his throne |
| שְׁבִיבִין | שׁביב | Noun.mp.Abs | flames |
| דִּי נוּר | נור | of fire | |
| גַּלְגִּלּוֹהִי | גלגל | Noun.mp.Abs+3ms | his wheels |
| נוּר דָּלִק | נור/דלק | fire burning |
Key: כָרְסָוָן רְמִיו = "thrones were placed/set up" (NOT "cast down" as KJV suggests — the Aramaic remiu means placed/established). עַתִּיק יוֹמִין = "Ancient of Days" = the eternal Judge takes His seat.
Daniel 7:10 (Aramaic)¶
Aramaic: ... דִּינָא יְתִב וְסִפְרִין פְּתִיחוּ
| Aramaic | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| נְהַר דִּי נוּר | נהר/נור | river of fire | |
| נָגֵד וְנָפֵק | נגד/נפק | flowing and going out | |
| מִן קֳדָמוֹהִי | קדם | from before him | |
| אֶלֶף אַלְפִין | אלף | thousand thousands | |
| יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּהּ | שׁמשׁ | Verb.pael.Impf.3mp+3ms | served him |
| וְרִבּוֹ רִבְבָן | רבו | and ten-thousand ten-thousands | |
| קָדָמוֹהִי יְקוּמוּן | קום | before him stood | |
| דִּינָא | דין | Noun.ms | the judgment |
| יְתִב | יתב | Verb.peal.Perf.3ms | sat (was set) |
| סִפְרִין | ספר | Noun.mp.Abs | books |
| פְּתִיחוּ | פתח | Verb.peil.Perf.3mp | were opened |
Key: דִּינָא יְתִב = "the judgment sat/was set" = the court convened. סִפְרִין פְּתִיחוּ = "books were opened" — judicial records for the trial. This is courtroom language throughout.
Daniel 7:13 (Aramaic)¶
Aramaic: ... כְּבַר אֱנָשׁ אָתֵה הֲוָה וְעַד עַתִּיק יוֹמַיָּא מְטָה וּקְדָמוֹהִי הַקְרְבוּהִי
| Aramaic | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| עִם עֲנָנֵי שְׁמַיָּא | ענן/שׁמין | with clouds of heaven | |
| כְּבַר | בר | Prep+Noun.ms.Cst | like a son of |
| אֱנָשׁ | אנשׁ | Noun.ms.Abs | mankind |
| אָתֵה | אתה | Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs | coming |
| הֲוָה | הוה | Verb.peal.Perf.3ms | was |
| וְעַד | עד | Prep | and unto/TO |
| עַתִּיק יוֹמַיָּא | עתיק/יום | Adj+Noun | the Ancient of Days |
| מְטָה | מטא | Verb.peal.Perf.3ms | he arrived/reached |
| וּקְדָמוֹהִי | קדם | Prep+Noun+3ms | and before him |
| הַקְרְבוּהִי | קרב | Verb.haf.Perf.3mp+3ms | they brought him near |
Key: The Son of Man comes TO (עַד, ad) the Ancient of Days and was brought near before him (qedamowhi haqrebuwhi). The direction is TOWARD God in heaven, not toward earth. This is NOT the second coming — it is the Son of Man approaching the Father to receive the kingdom and participate in the heavenly judgment. The Haphel (causative) of qrb ("they brought him near") implies an audience before the throne.
Daniel 7:14 (Aramaic)¶
Aramaic: וְלֵהּ יְהִיב שָׁלְטָן וִיקָר וּמַלְכוּ ...
| Aramaic | Lemma | Parsing | Gloss |
|---|---|---|---|
| וְלֵהּ | ל+3ms | to him | |
| יְהִיב | יהב | Verb.peil.Perf.3ms | was given |
| שָׁלְטָן | שׁלטן | Noun.ms.Abs | dominion/authority |
| וִיקָר | יקר | Noun.ms.Abs | glory/honor |
| וּמַלְכוּ | מלכו | Noun.fs.Abs | kingdom |
| וְכֹל עַמְמַיָּא | עם | and all peoples | |
| אֻמַיָּא | אמה | nations | |
| וְלִשָּׁנַיָּא | לשׁן | and tongues | |
| לֵהּ יִפְלְחוּן | פלח | shall serve him | |
| שָׁלְטָנֵהּ שָׁלְטָן עָלַם | שׁלטן/עלם | his dominion is everlasting | |
| דִּי לָא יֶעְדֵּה | עדה | which shall not pass away | |
| וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ דִּי לָא תִתְחַבַּל | חבל | his kingdom shall not be destroyed |
Key: After the judgment scene (7:9-10) and the Son of Man's approach (7:13), He receives dominion, glory, and kingdom. The verdict of the judgment results in the kingdom being given to the Son of Man and subsequently to the saints (7:27).