Topics Research

Question

Who possesses immortality? Is the soul inherently immortal or is immortality a divine gift?

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Topics

IMMORTALITY

General scriptures concerning: GEN 5:24; 2SA 12:23; 2KI 2:11; NEH 9:5; JOB 4:17-21; 14:13; PSA 16:10,11; 21:4; 22:26; 23:6; 31:5; 36:9; 37:18,27; 49:7-9,14,15; 73:26; 86:12; 102:4,25-28; 121:8; 133:3; 145:1,2; PRO 14:32; ECC 3:21; 12:7; ISA 14:9; 25:8; 26:19; 38:18,19; EZK 32:31; DAN 12:2,3; MAT 10:28; 16:26; 19:16,17; 25:46; MRK 10:30; 12:26,27; LUK 9:25; 10:25-28; 20:36-38; JHN 3:14-16,36; 5:39,40; 6:39,40,44,47,50,51,53,54,58; 10:28; 11:25,26; 14:19; 17:2,3; ACT 20:32; 23:8,9; 26:7,8,18; ROM 2:7; 6:22,23; 1CO 15:12-55; GAL 6:8; COL 1:5,6; 1TH 4:13-18; 5:10; 2TH 1:7-9; 2:16; 1TI 4:8; 6:12,19; 2TI 1:9,10; TIT 1:2; 3:7; HEB 9:15; 10:34; 11:5,10,13-16; 1PE 1:3-5; 1JN 2:17,25; 5:13; Jude 1:21; REV 1:7; 3:4; 22:5

Cross-references: - See RESURRECTION - See RIGHTEOUS, PROMISES TO - See WICKED, PUNISHMENT OF

SOUL

Cross-references: - See SPIRIT - See IMMORTALITY - See MAN, A SPIRIT - See RIGHTEOUS, FUTURE STATE OF - See WICKED, PUNISHMENT OF

MAN

CREATED: GEN 1:26,27; 2:7; 5:1,2; DEU 4:32; JOB 4:17; 10:2,3,8,9; 31:15; 33:4; 35:10; PSA 8:5; 100:3; 119:73; 138:8; 139:14; ECC 7:29; ISA 17:7; 42:5; 43:7; 45:12; 64:8; JER 27:5; ZEC 12:1; MAL 2:10; MRK 10:6; HEB 2:7

CREATED IN THE IMAGE OF GOD: GEN 1:26,27; 9:6; ECC 7:29; 1CO 11:7; 15:48,49; JAS 3:9

DOMINION OF: GEN 1:26,28; 2:19,20; 9:2,3; JER 27:6; 28:14; DAN 2:38; HEB 2:7,8

IMMORTAL: See IMMORTALITY

INSIGNIFICANCE OF: JOB 4:18,19; 15:14; 22:2-5; 25:4-6; 35:2-8; 38:4,12,13; PSA 8:3,4; 144:3,4

LITTLE LOWER THAN THE ANGELS: JOB 4:18-21; PSA 8:5; HEB 2:7,8

MORTAL: JOB 4:17; ECC 2:14,15; 3:20; 1CO 15:21,22; HEB 9:27

SPIRIT: JOB 4:19; 32:8; PSA 31:5; PRO 20:27; ECC 1:8; 3:21; 12:7; ISA 26:9; ZEC 12:1; MAT 4:4; 10:28; 26:41; MRK 14:38; LUK 22:40; 23:46; 24:39; JHN 3:3-8; 4:24; ACT 7:59; ROM 1:9; 2:29; 7:14-25; 1CO 2:11; 6:20; 7:34; 14:14; 2CO 4:6,7,16; 5:1-9; EPH 3:16; 4:4; 1TH 5:23; HEB 4:12; JAS 2:26

GIFTS FROM GOD

SPIRITUAL: - Christ, the Saviour: ISA 42:6; 55:4; JHN 3:16; 4:10; 6:32,33 - The Holy Spirit, the Comforter (See HOLY SPIRIT) - Grace: JAS 4:6 - Wisdom: PRO 2:6; JAS 1:5 - Repentance: ACT 11:18 - Faith: EPH 2:8; PHP 1:29

TEMPORAL: - Food and raiment: MAT 6:25,33 - Rain and fruitful seasons: GEN 8:22; 27:28; LEV 26:4,5; ISA 30:23 - Wisdom: 2CH 1:12 - Peace: LEV 26:6; 1CH 22:9 - To be used and enjoyed: ECC 3:13; 5:19,20; 1TI 4:4,5 - Should cause us to remember God: DEU 8:18 - All creatures partake of: PSA 136:25; 145:15,16

UNCLASSIFIED SCRIPTURES RELATING TO BOTH TEMPORAL AND SPIRITUAL: PSA 4:7; 21:2; 29:11; 34:10; 68:18,35; 84:11; ECC 2:26; ISA 42:5; EZK 11:19; DAN 2:21-23; MAT 11:28; 25:14-30; JHN 6:27; 16:23,24; 17:22; ROM 5:16-18; 6:23; 8:32; 11:29; 12:6-8; 1CO 1:5-7; 7:7; 12:4-11; 13:2; EPH 4:7,8; 1TI 6:17; JAS 1:17; 1PE 4:10; 2PE 1:3

LIFE (selected sections)

EVERLASTING: PSA 21:4; 121:8; 133:3; ISA 25:8; DAN 12:2; MAT 19:16-21,29; 25:46; MRK 10:30; LUK 18:18,30; 20:36; JHN 3:14-16; 4:14; 5:24,25,29,39; 6:27,40,47,50-58,68; 10:10,27,28; 12:25,50; 17:2,3; ACT 13:46,48; ROM 2:7; 5:21; 6:22,23; 1CO 15:53,54; 2CO 5:1; GAL 6:8; 1TI 1:16; 4:8; 6:12,19; 2TI 1:10; TIT 1:2; 3:7; 1JN 2:25; 3:15; 5:11-13,20; Jude 1:21; REV 1:18

FROM GOD: GEN 2:7; DEU 8:3; 30:20; 32:39,40; 1SA 2:6; JOB 27:3; 34:14,15; PSA 22:29; 30:3; 68:20; 104:30; ECC 12:7; ISA 38:16-20; ACT 17:25-28; ROM 4:17; 1TI 6:13; JAS 4:15

SPIRITUAL: JHN 3:3-16; 5:24-26,40; 6:27,33,35,40,47; 10:10; 11:25,26; 14:6; 17:2,3; 20:31; ROM 6:4,5,8,11,13,22,23; 8:10; 1JN 1:1,2

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Related Topics Discovered

Key Observations from Nave's Entries

1. Nave's IMMORTALITY entry contains 71+ references but does not distinguish between "inherent immortality" and "conditional immortality." It lists all scriptures relating to the subject of continued existence beyond death, including passages about resurrection, eternal life, and the nature of the soul.

2. Nave's MAN > MORTAL lists 5 references (Job 4:17; Ecc 2:14-15; 3:20; 1 Cor 15:21-22; Heb 9:27) that explicitly describe man as mortal.

3. Nave's MAN > IMMORTAL simply cross-references to IMMORTALITY -- it does not independently assert that man is immortal. This is a reference to the topic, not a doctrinal claim.

4. Nave's GIFTS FROM GOD lists ROM 6:23 under "unclassified scriptures relating to both temporal and spiritual" -- "the gift of God is eternal life through Jesus Christ our Lord." Also includes JHN 3:16 under "spiritual gifts: Christ, the Saviour."

5. Nave's LIFE > FROM GOD (11 references) consistently presents life as originating from God and sustained by God, not as inherently possessed by humans.

6. Nave's LIFE > EVERLASTING (40+ references) -- the majority of these references present eternal life as something received through faith in Christ (John's Gospel dominates), not as something inherently possessed.

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