Raw Hebrew Parsing Data¶
Isaiah 41:22¶
Hebrew: יַגִּ֨ישׁוּ֙ וְיַגִּ֣ידוּ לָ֔נוּ אֵ֖ת אֲשֶׁ֣ר תִּקְרֶ֑ינָה הָרִאשֹׁנֹ֣ות׀ מָ֣ה הֵ֗נָּה הַגִּ֜ידוּ וְנָשִׂ֤ימָה לִבֵּ֨נוּ֙ וְנֵדְעָ֣ה אַחֲרִיתָ֔ן אֹ֥ו הַבָּאֹ֖ות הַשְׁמִיעֻֽנוּ׃
Key morphology: - יַגִּ֨ישׁוּ֙ (nagash) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3mp - "let them approach/bring near" - וְיַגִּ֣ידוּ (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3mp - "and let them report/declare" - הָרִאשֹׁנֹ֣ות (rishon) - Adj.fp.Abs - "the former things" (feminine plural) - אַחֲרִיתָ֔ן (acharith) - Noun.fs.Abs+3fp - "their end/outcome" - הַבָּאֹ֖ות (bo) - Verb.Qal.Ptcp.fp.Abs - "the coming things" - הַשְׁמִיעֻֽנוּ (shama) - Verb.Hiphil.Impv.2mp+1up - "cause us to hear"
NOTE: Three key verbs of declaration used: nagash (approach/bring near), nagad (declare/report), shama-hiphil (cause to hear). God challenges idols to declare (nagad) the former things (rishonot) so that the outcome (acharith) may be known.
Isaiah 41:23¶
Hebrew: הַגִּ֨ידוּ֙ הָאֹתִיֹּ֣ות לְאָחֹ֔ור וְנֵ֣דְעָ֔ה כִּ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים אַתֶּ֑ם
Key morphology: - הַגִּ֨ידוּ֙ (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Impv.2mp - "Declare!" (imperative -- a direct command/challenge) - הָאֹתִיֹּ֣ות (athah) - Verb.Qal.Ptcp.fp.Abs - "the coming things" (what is to come hereafter) - לְאָחֹ֔ור (achor) - "to the back/afterward" (i.e., into the future) - כִּ֥י אֱלֹהִ֖ים אַתֶּ֑ם - "that gods you [are]" -- THE EXPLICIT LINK: declaring the future = proof of deity
Isaiah 42:9¶
Hebrew: הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹ֖ות הִנֵּה־בָ֑אוּ וַֽחֲדָשֹׁות֙ אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה אַשְׁמִ֥יע אֶתְכֶֽם׃
Key morphology: - הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹ֖ות (rishon) - Adj.fp.Abs - "the former things" - בָ֑אוּ (bo) - Verb.Qal.Perf.3p - "have come" (PERFECT - completed) - חֲדָשֹׁות֙ (chadash) - Adj.fp.Abs - "new things" - אֲנִ֣י מַגִּ֔יד (nagad) - "I [am] declaring" (Hiphil participle -- ongoing action) - בְּטֶ֥רֶם תִּצְמַ֖חְנָה - "before they spring forth" (CRITICAL: declares BEFORE events happen) - אַשְׁמִ֥יע (shama) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.1s - "I cause you to hear"
NOTE: Explicit temporal claim -- "BEFORE they spring forth I tell you of them." This is the definition of predictive prophecy.
Isaiah 44:7¶
Hebrew: וּמִֽי־כָמֹ֣ונִי יִקְרָ֗א וְיַגִּידֶ֤הָ וְיַעְרְכֶ֨הָ֙ לִ֔י מִשּׂוּמִ֖י עַם־עֹולָ֑ם וְאֹתִיֹּ֛ות וַאֲשֶׁ֥ר תָּבֹ֖אנָה יַגִּ֥ידוּ לָֽמֹו׃
Key morphology: - וּמִֽי־כָמֹ֣ונִי - "and who like me?" - יִקְרָ֗א (qara) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms - "shall call" - וְיַגִּידֶ֤הָ (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms+3fs - "and shall declare it" - וְיַעְרְכֶ֨הָ֙ (arak) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms+3fs - "and arrange it" - עַם־עֹולָ֑ם - "people of eternity" (since I appointed the ancient people) - וְאֹתִיֹּ֛ות (athah) - "and things to come" (participle) - תָּבֹ֖אנָה (bo) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3fp - "shall come" - יַגִּ֥ידוּ (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3mp - "let them declare"
NOTE: Double use of nagad -- God challenges anyone to match His ability to declare future events.
Isaiah 44:28¶
Hebrew: הָאֹמֵ֤ר לְכֹ֨ורֶשׁ֙ רֹעִ֔י וְכָל־חֶפְצִ֖י יַשְׁלִ֑ם
Key morphology: - הָאֹמֵ֤ר (amar) - Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs - "the [one] saying" (participle - continuous) - לְכֹ֨ורֶשׁ֙ (Koresh) - PropN.ms.Abs - "to Cyrus" -- PROPER NAME EXPLICITLY PRESENT - רֹעִ֔י (ra'ah) - Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs+1us - "my shepherd" -- Cyrus called God's shepherd - חֶפְצִ֖י (chephets) - Noun.ms.Abs+1us - "my pleasure" - יַשְׁלִ֑ם (shalam) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms - "shall complete/perform"
Isaiah 45:1¶
Hebrew: כֹּה־אָמַ֣ר יְהוָה֮ לִמְשִׁיחֹו֮ לְכֹ֣ורֶשׁ
Key morphology: - לִמְשִׁיחֹו֮ (mashiach) - Noun.ms.Abs+3ms - "to his anointed" -- H4899 mashiach applied to Cyrus - לְכֹ֣ורֶשׁ (Koresh) - PropN.ms.Abs - "to Cyrus" -- proper name again - הֶחֱזַ֣קְתִּי (chazaq) - Verb.Hiphil.Perf.1s - "I have strengthened/grasped" - לְרַד (radad) - Verb.Qal.InfCon - "to subdue" - גֹּויִ֔ם (goy) - Noun.mp.Abs - "nations" - דְּלָתַ֔יִם (deleth) - Noun.fd.Abs - "doors" (two-leaved gates) - לֹ֥א יִסָּגֵֽרוּ (sagar) - Verb.Niphal.Impf.3mp - "shall not be shut"
NOTE: Cyrus is called both "shepherd" (44:28) and "anointed/mashiach" (45:1). The same word used for the Messiah in Dan 9:25-26 is used for Cyrus here.
Isaiah 46:9-10¶
Verse 9¶
Hebrew: זִכְר֥וּ רִאשֹׁנֹ֖ות מֵעֹולָ֑ם כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֥י אֵל֙ וְאֵ֣ין עֹ֔וד אֱלֹהִ֖ים וְאֶ֥פֶס כָּמֹֽונִי׃
Key morphology: - זִכְר֥וּ (zakar) - Verb.Qal.Impv.2mp - "Remember!" (imperative) - רִאשֹׁנֹ֖ות (rishon) - Adj.fp.Abs - "former things" - מֵעֹולָ֑ם (olam) - "from eternity" - כִּ֣י אָנֹכִ֥י אֵל֙ - "for I [am] God" - וְאֵ֣ין עֹ֔וד - "and there is no other" - אֱלֹהִ֖ים - "God/gods" - וְאֶ֥פֶס כָּמֹֽונִי - "and none like me"
Verse 10¶
Hebrew: מַגִּ֤יד מֵֽרֵאשִׁית֙ אַחֲרִ֔ית וּמִקֶּ֖דֶם אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־נַעֲשׂ֑וּ אֹמֵר֙ עֲצָתִ֣י תָק֔וּם וְכָל־חֶפְצִ֖י אֶעֱשֶֽׂה׃
Key morphology: - מַגִּ֤יד (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Ptcp.ms.Abs - "declaring/announcing" (participle - characteristic action) - מֵֽרֵאשִׁית֙ (reshith) - Noun.fs.Abs - "from [the] beginning" (H7225) - אַחֲרִ֔ית (acharith) - Noun.fs.Abs - "the end" (H319) - וּמִקֶּ֖דֶם (qedem) - Noun.ms.Abs - "and from ancient times/from of old" - אֲשֶׁ֣ר לֹא־נַעֲשׂ֑וּ (asah) - Verb.Niphal.Perf.3p - "which have not [yet] been done" - אֹמֵר֙ (amar) - Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs - "saying" - עֲצָתִ֣י (etsah) - Noun.fs.Abs+1us - "my counsel" - תָק֔וּם (qum) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3fs - "shall stand/arise"
CRITICAL NOTE: The structure of 46:9-10 is: "I am God, none like me" (deity claim) BECAUSE "declaring from the beginning the end" (predictive prophecy is the evidence). The participle maggid ("declaring") describes God's characteristic, habitual action. He declares (nagad) the end (acharith) from the beginning (reshith) -- things that have not yet been done (lo na'asu).
Isaiah 48:3¶
Hebrew: הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹות֙ מֵאָ֣ז הִגַּ֔דְתִּי וּמִפִּ֥י יָצְא֖וּ וְאַשְׁמִיעֵ֑ם פִּתְאֹ֥ם עָשִׂ֖יתִי וַתָּבֹֽאנָה׃
Key morphology: - הָרִֽאשֹׁנֹות֙ (rishon) - Adj.fp.Abs - "the former things" - מֵאָ֣ז (az) - "from then/long ago" - הִגַּ֔דְתִּי (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Perf.1s - "I declared" (PERFECT - completed past action) - וּמִפִּ֥י (peh) - "and from my mouth" - יָצְא֖וּ (yatsa) - Verb.Qal.Perf.3p - "they went out" - וְאַשְׁמִיעֵ֑ם (shama) - Verb.Hiphil.Impf.1s+3mp - "and I caused them to hear" - פִּתְאֹ֥ם (pith'om) - Adv - "suddenly" - עָשִׂ֖יתִי (asah) - Verb.Qal.Perf.1s - "I did/made [them]" - וַתָּבֹֽאנָה (bo) - Verb.Qal.Wayq.3fp - "and they came [to pass]"
NOTE: God's sequence: declared → caused to hear → suddenly acted → they came to pass. Prediction preceded fulfillment.
Isaiah 48:5¶
Hebrew: וָאַגִּ֤יד לְךָ֙ מֵאָ֔ז בְּטֶ֥רֶם תָּבֹ֖וא הִשְׁמַעְתִּ֑יךָ פֶּן־תֹּאמַר֙ עָצְבִּ֣י עָשָׂ֔ם וּפִסְלִ֥י וְנִסְכִּ֖י צִוָּֽם׃
Key morphology: - וָאַגִּ֤יד (nagad) - Verb.Hiphil.Wayq.1s - "and I declared" - מֵאָ֔ז (az) - "from then/long ago" - בְּטֶ֥רֶם (terem) - "before" (BEFORE it came) - תָּבֹ֖וא (bo) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3fs - "it came" - הִשְׁמַעְתִּ֑יךָ (shama) - Verb.Hiphil.Perf.1s+2ms - "I caused you to hear" - פֶּן (pen) - "lest" - תֹּאמַר֙ (amar) - "you would say" - עָצְבִּ֣י (etseb) - "my idol" - עָשָׂ֔ם (asah) - "made them"
CRITICAL: God gives the explicit REASON for predictive prophecy -- "LEST you would say 'my idol did them.'" Prediction prevents false attribution. The predictive prophecy is God's deliberate strategy to prevent idolatrous misattribution of His works.
Amos 3:7¶
Hebrew: כִּ֣י לֹ֧א יַעֲשֶׂ֛ה אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה דָּבָ֑ר כִּ֚י אִם־גָּלָ֣ה סֹודֹ֔ו אֶל־עֲבָדָ֖יו הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃
Key morphology: - לֹ֧א יַעֲשֶׂ֛ה (asah) - Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms - "will not do" (with negation = "does nothing") - אֲדֹנָ֥י יְהוִ֖ה - "Lord YHWH" - דָּבָ֑ר (dabar) - Noun.ms.Abs - "a thing/word" - כִּ֚י אִם (ki im) - "except/unless" - גָּלָ֣ה (galah) - Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms - "he has revealed/uncovered" - סֹודֹ֔ו (sod) - Noun.ms.Abs+3ms - "his secret/confidential counsel" - עֲבָדָ֖יו (ebed) - Noun.mp.Abs+3ms - "his servants" - הַנְּבִיאִֽים (nabiy) - Noun.mp.Abs - "the prophets"
NOTE: This is a universal principle -- God does NOTHING without first revealing His secret counsel (sod) to His servants the prophets. This makes predictive prophecy not occasional but a necessary feature of God's modus operandi.