Raw Hebrew Parsing Output

Daniel 2:38 -- anteh-hu emphatic pronoun

וּבְכָל־דִּ֣י דָֽיְרִ֣ין בְּֽנֵי־אֲ֠נָשָׁא חֵיוַ֨ת בָּרָ֤א וְעֹוף־שְׁמַיָּא֙ יְהַ֣ב בִּידָ֔ךְ וְהַשְׁלְטָ֖ךְ בְּכָלְּהֹ֑ון אַנְתְּ־ה֔וּא רֵאשָׁ֖ה דִּ֥י דַהֲבָֽא׃

Key parsing:
- אנתה (anteh) = PersPron.2ms "you"
- ה֔וּא (hu') = PersPron.3ms "he"
- Together: anteh-hu = emphatic "YOU (are) HE" = "Thou art this head of gold"
- רֵאשָׁ֖ה (re'shah) = Noun.ms "head"
- דַהֲבָֽא (dahaba') = Noun.ms "gold"
- יְהַ֣ב (yehab) = Verb.peal.Perf.3ms "give" -- God GAVE authority
- הַשְׁלְטָ֖ךְ (hashletakh) = Verb.haf.Perf.3ms+2ms "caused you to rule"

NOTE: anteh-hu is E-tier identification -- the text explicitly names Babylon.

Daniel 7:25 -- bela, shanah, sbar, dat, 'iddan

וּמִלִּ֗ין לְצַ֤ד עִלָּאָה֙ יְמַלִּ֔ל וּלְקַדִּישֵׁ֥י עֶלְיֹונִ֖ין יְבַלֵּ֑א וְיִסְבַּ֗ר לְהַשְׁנָיָה֙ זִמְנִ֣ין וְדָ֔ת וְיִתְיַהֲב֣וּן בִּידֵ֔הּ עַד־עִדָּ֥ן וְעִדָּנִ֖ין וּפְלַ֥ג עִדָּֽן׃

Key parsing:
- מִלִּ֗ין (millin) = Noun.fp.Abs "words" -- the horn's distinctive speech
- יְמַלִּ֔ל (yemallil) = Verb.pael.Impf.3ms "speak" -- Pael (intensive) = great/bombastic speech
- יְבַלֵּ֑א (yeballe') = Verb.pael.Impf.3ms "wear out" -- HAPAX, Pael imperfect = sustained attrition
- יִסְבַּ֗ר (yisbar) = Verb.peal.Impf.3ms "intend/think" -- NOT "succeed" but "plan/attempt"
- לְהַשְׁנָיָה֙ (lehashnayyah) = Verb.haf.InfCon "to change" -- Haphel (causative) of shanah
- זִמְנִ֣ין (zimnin) = Noun.mp.Abs "times" -- appointed times/seasons
- דָ֔ת (dat) = Noun.fs.Abs "law" -- absolute form (no possessive) = THE law (God's)
- עִדָּ֥ן (iddan) = Noun.ms.Abs "time" -- year (per BDB and Dan 4 usage)
- עִדָּנִ֖ין (iddanin) = Noun.mp.Abs "times" -- plural
- פְלַ֥ג (pelag) = Noun.ms.Cst "half"

NOTES: - bela Pael imperfect = prolonged wearing action, not sudden destruction - sbar = "intend/think" -- indicates attempted, not necessarily accomplished change - dat in absolute = God's law (cf. Dan 6:5 where dat is used for God's law) - 'iddan + 'iddanin + pelag 'iddan = 1 + 2 + 0.5 = 3.5 years/times

Daniel 8:9 -- gadal with yether (exceeding great)

וּמִן־הָאַחַ֣ת מֵהֶ֔ם יָצָ֥א קֶֽרֶן־אַחַ֖ת מִצְּעִירָ֑ה וַתִּגְדַּל־יֶ֛תֶר אֶל־הַנֶּ֥גֶב וְאֶל־הַמִּזְרָ֖ח וְאֶל־הַצֶּֽבִי׃

Key parsing:
- מִצְּעִירָ֑ה (mits'eirah) = Noun.fs.Abs "youth/smallness" -- HAPAX, extreme littleness at origin
- וַתִּגְדַּל (vattigdal) = Verb.Qal.Wayq.3fs "became great" -- QAL stem (intransitive)
- יֶ֛תֶר (yether) = Noun.ms.Abs "remainder/excess" -- adverbial modifier = "exceedingly"

NOTE: Three-stage gadal escalation: 1. Dan 8:4 -- ram gadal (became great) -- no modifier 2. Dan 8:8 -- goat gadal ad me'od (became very great) -- me'od modifier 3. Dan 8:9 -- horn gadal yether (became exceedingly great) -- yether modifier The horn MUST surpass both the named empires (Medo-Persia and Greece).

Daniel 8:14 -- nitsdaq (forensic vindication)

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י עַ֚ד עֶ֣רֶב בֹּ֔קֶר אַלְפַּ֖יִם וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֑ות וְנִצְדַּ֖ק קֹֽדֶשׁ׃

Key parsing:
- עֶ֣רֶב (erev) = Noun.ms.Abs "evening"
- בֹּ֔קֶר (boqer) = Noun.ms.Abs "morning"
- אַלְפַּ֖יִם (alpayim) = Noun.d.Abs "two thousand" (dual)
- שְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֑ות (shelosh me'ot) = "three hundred"
- נִצְדַּ֖ק (nitsdaq) = Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms "be justified/vindicated" -- ONLY Niphal of tsadaq
- קֹֽדֶשׁ (qodesh) = Noun.ms.Abs "holiness/sanctuary"

NOTES: - nitsdaq is the ONLY Niphal form of tsadaq in the entire OT - Niphal of tsadaq = forensic/declarative: "be declared righteous" = vindicated - This is NOT the ritual word taher ("cleanse") -- it is a judicial term - erev-boqer echoes Gen 1:5,8 creation formula -- suggests day units, not evening-morning sacrifices - The sanctuary is declared righteous/vindicated through a forensic process

Daniel 8:23 -- az paniym (fierce countenance) construct chain

וּֽבְאַחֲרִית֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ם כְּהָתֵ֖ם הַפֹּשְׁעִ֑ים יַעֲמֹ֛ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עַז־פָּנִ֖ים וּמֵבִ֥ין חִידֹֽות׃

Key parsing:
- אַחֲרִית֙ (acharith) = Noun.fs.Cst "end" -- "latter time of their kingdom"
- מַלְכוּתָ֔ם (malkutam) = Noun.fs.Abs+3mp "their kingship"
- הָתֵ֖ם (hatem) = Verb.Hiphil.InfCon "when they are complete" -- transgressors come to fullness
- הַפֹּשְׁעִ֑ים (happoshe'im) = Verb.Qal.Ptcp.mp "the rebels/transgressors"
- מֶ֥לֶךְ (melekh) = Noun.ms.Abs "king"
- עַז (az) = Adj.ms.Cst "strong/fierce" (H5794)
- פָּנִ֖ים (paniym) = Noun.mp.Abs "face" (H6440)
- מֵבִ֥ין (mevin) = Verb.Hiphil.Ptcp.ms "understanding" -- from biyn
- חִידֹֽות (chidot) = Noun.fp.Abs "riddles/dark sentences"

NOTE: az-paniym ONLY occurs in Deut 28:50 and Dan 8:23 -- a covenant-curse construct chain. Deut 28:49-50 describes a nation God brings as covenant punishment: "a nation of fierce countenance" (az paniym). Dan 8:23 applies the same phrase. This links the horn to the covenant-curse tradition.

Daniel 9:24 -- six infinitives, chathak

שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים נֶחְתַּ֥ךְ עַֽל־עַמְּךָ֣׀ וְעַל־עִ֣יר קָדְשֶׁ֗ךָ לְכַלֵּ֨א הַפֶּ֜שַׁע וּלְהָתֵ֤ם חַטָּאת֙ וּלְכַפֵּ֣ר עָוֹ֔ן וּלְהָבִ֖יא צֶ֣דֶק עֹֽלָמִ֑ים וְלַחְתֹּם֙ חָזֹ֣ון וְנָבִ֔יא וְלִמְשֹׁ֖חַ קֹ֥דֶשׁ קָֽדָשִֽׁים׃

Key parsing:
- שָׁבֻעִ֨ים שִׁבְעִ֜ים (shabu'im shiv'im) = "seventy weeks/sevens"
- נֶחְתַּ֥ךְ (nechtak) = Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms of חתך (chathak) = "be cut off/determined" -- HAPAX
- Six infinitive constructs with ל (le-):
  1. לְכַלֵּ֨א (lekhalle') = Piel InfCon of כלה = "to finish/restrain" -- the transgression (pesha)
  2. לְהָתֵ֤ם (lehatem) = Hiphil InfCon of תמם = "to seal up/complete" -- sins (chatta'ot)
  3. לְכַפֵּ֣ר (lekhapper) = Piel InfCon of כפר = "to cover/atone" -- iniquity (avon)
  4. לְהָבִ֖יא (lehavi') = Hiphil InfCon of בוא = "to bring in" -- everlasting righteousness (tsedeq olamim)
  5. לַחְתֹּם֙ (lachtom) = Qal InfCon of חתם = "to seal" -- vision and prophecy (chazon ve-navi')
  6. לִמְשֹׁ֖חַ (limeshoach) = Qal InfCon of משׁח = "to anoint" -- most holy (qodesh qodashim)

NOTES: - chathak (H2852) ONLY occurs here -- Daniel's deliberate word choice vs. charats (H2782) - DOA triad: pesha + chatta'ot + avon = same three sin categories as Lev 16:21 (Day of Atonement) - The upgrade pattern: the first three infinitives REMOVE sin; the last three ESTABLISH God's program - kaphar-to-tsedeq: from "covering" sin to "everlasting righteousness" -- an upgrade from Levitical system

Daniel 11:36 -- kir'tsono, za'am, necheratsah

וְעָשָׂ֨ה כִרְצֹונֹ֜ו הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְיִתְרֹומֵ֤ם וְיִתְגַּדֵּל֙ עַל־כָּל־אֵ֔ל וְעַל֙ אֵ֣ל אֵלִ֔ים יְדַבֵּ֖ר נִפְלָאֹ֑ות וְהִצְלִ֨יחַ֙ עַד־כָּ֣לָה זַ֔עַם כִּ֥י נֶחֱרָצָ֖ה נֶעֱשָֽׂתָה׃

Key parsing:
- כִרְצֹונֹ֜ו (kir'tsono) = Prep+Noun.ms+3ms "according to his will/pleasure"
- יִתְרֹומֵ֤ם (yitromem) = Verb.Hithpael.Impf.3ms of רום = "exalt himself"
- יִתְגַּדֵּל֙ (yitgaddel) = Verb.Hithpael.Impf.3ms of גדל = "magnify himself"
- אֵ֣ל אֵלִ֔ים ('el 'elim) = "God of gods"
- נִפְלָאֹ֑ות (nifla'ot) = Verb.Niphal.Ptcp.fp "wonderful/astonishing things"
- זַ֔עַם (za'am) = Noun.ms.Abs "indignation/curse"
- נֶחֱרָצָ֖ה (necheratsah) = Verb.Niphal.Ptcp.fs of חרץ = "that which is decreed/determined"

NOTES: - kir'tsono chain: Dan 8:4 (ram), 11:3 (Alexander), 11:16 (Rome enters), 11:36 (willful king) - The same phrase tracks the succession: each power "does according to its will" - za'am bracket: Dan 8:19 "last end of the indignation" and 11:36 "till the indignation be accomplished" -- same za'am bookends chapters 8 and 11 - necheratsah chain: Dan 9:26,27 and 11:36 -- same root charats ("determined") - Four converging vocabulary lines at 11:36: (1) kir'tsono from 8:4/11:3/11:16; (2) yitgaddel from gadal chain; (3) 'el 'elim echoing Dan 7:25 "against the Most High"; (4) necheratsah from Dan 9:26-27

Daniel 12:1 -- ya'amod, Michael, sar ha-gadol

וּבָעֵ֣ת הַהִיא֩ יַעֲמֹ֨ד מִֽיכָאֵ֜ל הַשַּׂ֣ר הַגָּדֹ֗ול הָעֹמֵד֮ עַל־בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּךָ֒

Key parsing:
- יַעֲמֹ֨ד (ya'amod) = Verb.Qal.Impf.3ms of עמד = "stand/arise"
- מִֽיכָאֵ֜ל (Mikha'el) = PropN.ms "Michael" = "Who is like God?"
- הַשַּׂ֣ר (ha-sar) = Art+Noun.ms "THE prince" -- definite article = specific, unique
- הַגָּדֹ֗ול (ha-gadol) = Art+Adj.ms "THE great" -- superlative
- הָעֹמֵד֮ (ha-'omed) = Art+Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms "the one standing"
- בְּנֵ֣י עַמֶּךָ֒ (benei 'ammekha) = "children of your people"
- עֵ֣ת צָרָ֔ה ('et tsarah) = "time of distress/trouble"
- יִמָּלֵ֣ט (yimmalet) = Verb.Niphal.Impf.3ms "be delivered/escape"
- כָּת֥וּב בַּסֵּֽפֶר (kathuv bassepher) = "written in the book"

NOTES: - Michael = ha-sar ha-gadol -- the definite articles make this THE prince, THE great one - "stands for" (ya'amod + 'al) = intervenes on behalf of - "written in the book" parallels the judgment books of Dan 7:10 - Michael title progression: "one of the chief princes" (10:13) -> "your prince" (10:21) -> "the great prince" (12:1)

Daniel 7:9 -- judgment scene, thrones, Ancient of Days

חָזֵ֣ה הֲוֵ֗ית עַ֣ד דִּ֤י כָרְסָוָן֙ רְמִ֔יו וְעַתִּ֥יק יֹומִ֖ין יְתִ֑ב

Key parsing:
- כָרְסָוָן (korsavan) = Noun.mp.Abs "thrones" (plural!)
- רְמִ֔יו (remiyu) = Verb.peil.Perf.3mp "were cast/placed" (Peil passive of remah = throw)
- עַתִּ֥יק (attiq) = Adj.ms.Cst "ancient/old" -- construct with yomin
- יֹומִ֖ין (yomin) = Noun.mp.Abs "days" -- Ancient of Days
- יְתִ֑ב (yetib) = Verb.peal.Perf.3ms "sat" -- from yetab = sit
- לְבוּשֵׁ֣הּ (levusheh) = Noun.ms.Abs+3ms "his garment"
- כִּתְלַ֣ג חִוָּ֗ר (kitlag chivvar) = "like snow, white" -- white garments
- שְׂעַ֤ר רֵאשֵׁהּ֙ כַּעֲמַ֣ר נְקֵ֔א (se'ar resheh ka'amar neqe) = "hair of his head like pure wool"
- כָּרְסְיֵהּ֙ שְׁבִיבִ֣ין דִּי־נ֔וּר (korseyyeh shevivin di-nur) = "his throne, flames of fire"
- גַּלְגִּלֹּ֖והִי נ֥וּר דָּלִֽק (galgilllohi nur daliq) = "its wheels, burning fire"

NOTE: remiyu (Peil passive 3mp) = "were placed/set up" -- thrones (plural) set up for judgment. The KJV "cast down" is misleading; the Aramaic means thrones were PLACED/ESTABLISHED (not overthrown). White garments + fire + wheels = DOA high-priestly and theophanic elements. Rev 1:14 merges this white-hair description with Daniel 10:6's fire.

Daniel 7:10 -- dina yetib, sifrin petichu

נְהַ֣ר דִּי־נ֗וּר ... דִּינָ֥א יְתִ֖ב וְסִפְרִ֥ין פְּתִֽיחוּ

Key parsing:
- נְהַ֣ר (nehar) = Noun.ms.Abs "river" -- river of fire
- נָגֵ֤ד (naged) = Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms "flowing" -- continuous flow
- נָפֵק֙ (napheq) = Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms "going out"
- אֶ֤לֶף אַלְפִין֙ (eleph alphin) = "thousand thousands"
- יְשַׁמְּשׁוּנֵּ֔הּ (yeshammeshunneh) = Verb.pael.Impf.3mp+3ms "served him" -- Pael = intensive service
- רִבֹּ֥ו רִבְבָ֖ן (ribbo ribbevan) = "myriad myriads" (= ten thousand times ten thousand)
- יְקוּמ֑וּן (yequmun) = Verb.peal.Impf.3mp "stood" -- stood before him
- דִּינָ֥א (dina) = Noun.ms "judgment" -- THE judgment
- יְתִ֖ב (yetib) = Verb.peal.Perf.3ms "sat" -- the court SAT (convened)
- סִפְרִ֥ין (sifrin) = Noun.mp.Abs "books"
- פְּתִֽיחוּ (petichu) = Verb.peil.Perf.3mp "were opened"

NOTE: dina yetib = "the court sat/convened" -- forensic judgment scene with formal session. sifrin petichu = "books were opened" -- record-based examination. The identical formula "myriads myriads" (ribbo ribbevan) appears in Rev 5:11, confirming literary dependence.

Daniel 7:8 -- aqar (uproot), horn details

וּתְלָ֗ת מִן־קַרְנַיָּא֙ קַדְמָ֣יָתָ֔א אֶתְעֲקַ֖רָה מִן־קֳדָמַ֑הּ

Key parsing:
- קֶ֣רֶן אָחֳרִ֤י זְעֵירָה֙ (qeren ochorey ze'irah) = "another little horn"
- סִלְקָ֣ת (silqat) = Verb.peal.Perf.3fs "went up/arose" -- rose among them
- אֶתְעֲקַ֖רָה (et'aqarah) = Verb.etpe.Perf.3fp of עקר ('aqar) = "were uprooted"
- עַיְנִ֜ין כְּעַיְנֵ֤י אֲנָשָׁא֙ (aynin ke'ayney anasha) = "eyes like eyes of a man"
- פֻ֖ם מְמַלִּ֥ל רַבְרְבָֽן (phum memallil rabrevan) = "a mouth speaking great things"
- מְמַלִּ֥ל (memallil) = Verb.pael.Ptcp.ms "speaking" -- Pael = intensive/great speech

NOTE: Three different verbs for the horn removing three kings: (1) 'aqar (7:8, Etpeel "were uprooted" = passive); (2) nephal (7:20, Peal "fell" before it); (3) hashpil (7:24, Haphel "will bring low" = causative). The verb escalation: passive uprooting -> active falling -> causative subduing.

Daniel 7:12 -- lives prolonged

וּשְׁאָר֙ חֵֽיוָתָ֔א הֶעְדִּ֖יו שָׁלְטָנְהֹ֑ון וְאַרְכָ֧ה בְחַיִּ֛ין יְהִ֥יבַת לְהֹ֖ון עַד־זְמַ֥ן וְעִדָּֽן

Key parsing:
- שְׁאָר (she'ar) = Noun.ms.Cst "rest/remainder" -- the rest of the beasts
- הֶעְדִּ֖יו (he'ddiyu) = Verb.haf.Perf.3mp of עדה ('adah) = "were removed" (Haphel causative passive)
- שָׁלְטָנְהֹ֑ון (sholtanehon) = Noun.ms.Abs+3mp "their dominion"
- אַרְכָ֧ה (arkah) = Noun.fs.Abs "prolongation/extension"
- בְחַיִּ֛ין (bechayyin) = Prep+Noun.mp "in/of life"
- יְהִ֥יבַת (yehibat) = Verb.peil.Perf.3fs "was given" -- passive = divine act
- זְמַ֥ן (zeman) = Noun.ms.Abs "time"
- עִדָּֽן ('iddan) = Noun.ms.Abs "time/year"

NOTE: Their DOMINION was removed but their LIVES were prolonged. This explains Rev 13:2 composite beast: earlier empires lost political dominance but their cultural/institutional DNA persisted and was absorbed by successors. The divine passive (yehibat) indicates God's sovereign control over their survival.

Daniel 7:20 -- nephal (fall)

וְאָחֳרִי֙ דִּ֣י סִלְקַ֔ת וּנְפַ֥לָה מִן־קֳדָמַ֖הּ תְּלָ֑ת

Key parsing:
- נְפַ֥לָה (nepalah) = Verb.peal.Perf.3fp of נפל (nephal) = "fell"
- חֶזְוַ֖הּ רַ֥ב מִן־חַבְרָתַֽהּ (chezwah rab min-chavratah) = "its appearance greater than its companions"

NOTE: nephal (Peal Perfect 3fp) = "fell" -- active falling. This is the second of three uprooting verbs. The horn's "appearance greater than its companions" indicates a claim to greater authority than the ten.

Daniel 7:24 -- yehasphil (bring low)

וּתְלָתָ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין יְהַשְׁפִּֽל

Key parsing:
- יִשְׁנֵא֙ (yishneh) = Verb.peal.Impf.3ms of שׁנה (shanah) = "be different" -- diverse from the first
- יְהַשְׁפִּֽל (yehasphil) = Verb.haf.Impf.3ms of שׁפל (shaphal) = "bring low/subdue"

NOTE: yehasphil (Haphel imperfect) = "will bring low/subdue" -- causative + ongoing. This is the third verb (angel's interpretation): the horn WILL subdue three kings. The Haphel imperfect indicates ongoing action, not a single past event. yishneh ("be different") uses the same root shanah that appears in 7:25 lehashnayyah ("to change").

Daniel 2:39 -- batarakh succession markers

וּבָתְרָ֗ךְ תְּק֛וּם מַלְכ֥וּ אָחֳרִ֖י ... וּמַלְכ֨וּ תְלִיתָאָ֤ה

Key parsing:
- בָתְרָ֗ךְ (batrakh) = Noun.ms.Abs+2ms "after you" -- from באתר (baatar) = "after"
- תְּק֛וּם (tequm) = Verb.peal.Impf.3fs "will arise"
- מַלְכ֥וּ (malku) = Noun.fs.Abs "kingdom"
- אָחֳרִ֖י (ochorey) = Adj.fs.Abs "another"
- אֲרַ֣עא (ar'a) = Noun.fs.Abs "earth" -- "inferior to you" (lit. "earthward from you")
- תְלִיתָאָ֤ה (telita'ah) = Adj.fs.Abs "third" -- explicitly numbered

NOTE: u-vatrakh ("and after you") establishes gap-free temporal succession. The third kingdom is numbered telitaya ("third"). These markers create an unbroken chain that does not permit gaps, rearrangement, or parenthetical insertions, directly countering the futurist gap thesis.

Daniel 2:43 -- la lehevon dabqin (will not adhere)

וְלָֽא־לֶהֱוֹ֥ן דָּבְקִ֖ין דְּנָ֣ה עִם־דְּנָ֑ה

Key parsing:
- מִתְעָרְבִ֤ין (mit'arbin) = Verb.htpa.Ptcp.mp "mixing themselves" -- Hitpael = reflexive
- לֶהֱוֹן֙ (lehevon) = Verb.peal.Impf.3mp "they will be"
- בִּזְרַ֣ע אֲנָשָׁ֔א (bizera' anasha) = "in/with the seed of men"
- לָֽא (la) = Neg "not"
- דָּבְקִ֖ין (dabqin) = Verb.peal.Ptcp.mp of דבק (debaq) = "adhering/cleaving"
- דְּנָ֣ה עִם־דְּנָ֑ה (denah 'im denah) = "this with this"
- חֲסַ֣ף (chasaph) = Noun.ms.Cst "clay/ceramic"
- פַּרְזְלָא (parzela) = Noun.ms "iron"

NOTE: la lehevon dabqin = "they will NOT be adhering" -- a falsifiable prediction. Iron and clay mix (marriage alliances, political unions) but do not permanently fuse. This has been tested across 1500+ years: Charlemagne, Napoleon, Hitler, EU -- all failed to permanently reunify Europe's divided territory.

Daniel 2:21 -- sovereignty hymn

מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א עִדָּנַיָּא֙ וְזִמְנַיָּ֔א מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה מַלְכִ֖ין וּמְהָקֵ֣ים מַלְכִ֑ין

Key parsing:
- מְהַשְׁנֵ֤א (mehashne) = Verb.haf.Ptcp.ms of שׁנה = "changing" -- Haphel (causative) Participle
- עִדָּנַיָּא֙ ('iddanayya) = Noun.mp "times" -- emphatic plural
- זִמְנַיָּ֔א (zimnanayya) = Noun.mp "seasons" -- emphatic plural
- מְהַעְדֵּ֥ה (meha'ddeh) = Verb.haf.Ptcp.ms of עדה = "removing" -- Haphel Participle
- מְהָקֵ֣ים (mehaqem) = Verb.haf.Ptcp.ms of קום = "setting up" -- Haphel Participle

NOTE: God is the one who mehashne (changes) times and seasons -- the SAME ROOT shanah that appears in Dan 7:25 where the horn lehashnayyah (thinks to change) times and law. God genuinely changes; the horn merely THINKS to (sbar = "intend"). The sovereignty hymn is the theological foundation for all four vision cycles.

Daniel 9:27 -- gabar beriyth, la-rabbim

וְהִגְבִּ֥יר בְּרִ֛ית לָרַבִּ֖ים שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד

Key parsing:
- הִגְבִּ֥יר (higbir) = Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms of גבר (gabar) = "make strong/prevail"
- בְּרִ֛ית (beriyth) = Noun.fs.Abs "covenant"
- לָרַבִּ֖ים (la-rabbim) = Prep+Art+Adj.mp "to/for the many"
- שָׁב֣וּעַ אֶחָ֑ד (shabua' echad) = "one week"
- יַשְׁבִּ֣ית (yashbith) = Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms of שׁבת (shabath) = "cause to cease"
- זֶ֣בַח (zebach) = Noun.ms "sacrifice"
- מִנְחָ֗ה (minchah) = Noun.fs "grain offering/present"
- כְּנַ֤ף (kenaph) = Noun.fs.Cst "wing" -- "upon the wing of abominations"
- שִׁקּוּצִים֙ (shiqqusim) = Noun.mp "abominations/idols"
- מְשֹׁמֵ֔ם (meshomem) = Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms "desolating" -- the desolator
- נֶ֣חֱרָצָ֔ה (necheratsah) = Verb.Niphal.Ptcp.fs "decreed/determined"
- תִּתַּ֖ךְ (tittak) = Verb.Qal.Impf.3fs of נתך (nathak) = "be poured out"

NOTE: gabar beriyth (Hiphil = "make the covenant prevail/be strong") is deliberately NOT karath beriyth ("cut a covenant" = make NEW covenant). He STRENGTHENS/CONFIRMS the existing covenant. la-rabbim ("for the many") echoes Isa 53:11-12 "justify many" and "bare the sin of many" -- Messianic language. The subject of higbir is debated: HIST reads it as Messiah confirming God's covenant, supported by (1) la-rabbim Isaianic language, (2) gabar vs karath word choice, (3) the subject being "Messiah the Prince" from 9:25-26.

Daniel 11:31 -- tamid + shiqquts vocabulary

וְהֵסִ֣ירוּ הַתָּמִ֔יד וְנָתְנ֖וּ הַשִּׁקּ֥וּץ מְשֹׁומֵֽם

Key parsing:
- זְרֹעִ֖ים (zero'im) = Noun.mp "arms" -- "arms from him shall stand"
- חִלְּל֞וּ (chillelu) = Verb.Piel.Perf.3p of חלל (chalal) = "profane/defile"
- הַמִּקְדָּ֤שׁ (hammikdash) = Art+Noun.ms "THE sanctuary"
- הַמָּעֹוז֙ (hamma'oz) = Art+Noun.ms "THE fortress/stronghold"
- הֵסִ֣ירוּ (hesiru) = Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3p of סור (sur) = "removed" (Hiphil causative)
- הַתָּמִ֔יד (hattamid) = Art+Noun.ms "THE continual" (= the daily)
- נָתְנ֖וּ (natenu) = Verb.Qal.Perf.3p of נתן (natan) = "placed/set up"
- הַשִּׁקּ֥וּץ (hashiqquts) = Art+Noun.ms "THE abomination"
- מְשֹׁומֵֽם (meshomem) = Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms "desolating"

NOTE: Identical tamid + shiqquts vocabulary to Dan 8:11-13 and 12:11. Three chapters, one vocabulary, one power. The compound "sanctuary-fortress" (mikdash-ma'oz) is unique to 11:31.

Daniel 12:11 -- tamid + shiqquts + time period

וּמֵעֵ֙ת֙ הוּסַ֣ר הַתָּמִ֔יד וְלָתֵ֖ת שִׁקּ֣וּץ שֹׁמֵ֑ם יָמִ֕ים אֶ֖לֶף מָאתַ֥יִם וְתִשְׁעִֽים

Key parsing:
- מֵעֵ֙ת֙ (me'eth) = Prep+Noun.s.Cst "from the time"
- הוּסַ֣ר (husar) = Verb.Hophal.Perf.3ms of סור = "was removed" (Hophal passive)
- הַתָּמִ֔יד (hattamid) = Art+Noun.ms "THE continual"
- לָתֵ֖ת (lateth) = Prep+Verb.Qal.InfCon of נתן = "to set up"
- שִׁקּ֣וּץ שֹׁמֵ֑ם (shiqquts shomem) = "the abomination that maketh desolate"
- יָמִ֕ים (yamim) = Noun.mp "days"
- אֶ֖לֶף מָאתַ֥יִם וְתִשְׁעִֽים (eleph matayim vetish'im) = "1290"

NOTE: Same tamid + shiqquts as 8:11-13 and 11:31. The 1290 days extends 30 beyond the 1260 (= time, times, half time). The Hophal passive husar ("was taken away") = divine passive, just as the tamid was divinely removed in judgment.