Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶

Daniel 8:16¶

וָאֶשְׁמַע קוֹל־אָדָם בֵּין אוּלָי וַיִּקְרָא וַיֹּאמַר גַּבְרִיאֵל הָבֵן לְהַלָּז אֶת־הַמַּרְאֶה

Key words:
- הָבֵן (haben) = Verb.Hiphil.Impv.2ms of בין (biyn) = "make [this one] to understand"
- הַמַּרְאֶה (ha-mar'eh) = Art + Noun.ms.Abs of מראה = "the vision/sight"
- Gabriel commanded: "haben hallaz et ha-mar'eh" = "make this one understand THE vision"

Daniel 8:26¶

וּמַרְאֵה הָעֶרֶב וְהַבֹּקֶר אֲשֶׁר נֶאֱמַר אֱמֶת הוּא וְאַתָּה סְתֹם הֶחָזוֹן כִּי לְיָמִים רַבִּים

Key words:
- מַרְאֵה (mar'eh) = Noun.ms.Cst of מראה = "vision/sight of" -- the evening-morning vision
- הֶחָזוֹן (he-chazon) = Art + Noun.ms.Abs of חזון = "THE vision" -- the broader prophetic vision
- CRITICAL DISTINCTION: mar'eh ha-erev ve-ha-boqer (the evening-morning vision) vs. he-chazon (the vision)
- Two different words, two different referents in the SAME verse

Daniel 8:27¶

וַאֲנִי דָנִיֵּאל נִהְיֵיתִי וְנֶחֱלֵיתִי יָמִים וָאָקוּם וָאֶעֱשֶׂה אֶת־מְלֶאכֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ וָאֶשְׁתּוֹמֵם עַל־הַמַּרְאֶה וְאֵין מֵבִין

Key words:
- וָאֶשְׁתּוֹמֵם (va-eshtomem) = Verb.Hithpael.Wayq.1s of שׁמם = "I was astonished/appalled"
- עַל־הַמַּרְאֶה (al ha-mar'eh) = "at/upon THE vision" (mar'eh again, not chazon)
- וְאֵין מֵבִין (ve-ein mebiyn) = "and none understood" -- Hiphil Ptcp of biyn (H995)
- CHAIN: Daniel left WITHOUT UNDERSTANDING the mar'eh; biyn chain incomplete

Daniel 9:2¶

בִּשְׁנַת אַחַת לְמָלְכוֹ אֲנִי דָּנִיֵּאל בִּינֹתִי בַּסְּפָרִים

Key words:
- בִּינֹתִי (binoti) = Verb.Qal.Perf.1s of בין = "I understood"
- בַּסְּפָרִים (ba-sepharim) = "in/by the books" (Prep + Art + Noun.mp)
- CHAIN: biyn reappears -- Daniel UNDERSTOOD (binoti) by books the number of years

Daniel 9:21¶

וְעוֹד אֲנִי מְדַבֵּר בַּתְּפִלָּה וְהָאִישׁ גַּבְרִיאֵל אֲשֶׁר רָאִיתִי בֶחָזוֹן בַּתְּחִלָּה מֻעָף בִּיעָף נֹגֵעַ אֵלַי כְּעֵת מִנְחַת־עָרֶב

Key words:
- בֶחָזוֹן (ve-chazon) = Prep + Art + chazon = "in THE vision" (definite article)
- בַּתְּחִלָּה (ba-techillah) = Prep + Art + techillah = "at THE beginning/first"
- "whom I had seen in THE vision at THE beginning" -- both nouns are DEFINITE
- GRAMMATICALLY: This is an explicit back-reference to a SPECIFIC prior vision
- The definite articles on both chazon and techillah REQUIRE a specific, known antecedent
- The only prior vision where Daniel saw Gabriel is Dan 8:16

Daniel 9:23¶

בִּתְחִלַּת תַּחֲנוּנֶיךָ יָצָא דָבָר וַאֲנִי בָּאתִי לְהַגִּיד כִּי חֲמוּדוֹת אָתָּה וּבִין בַּדָּבָר וְהָבֵן בַּמַּרְאֶה

Key words:
- וּבִין (u-biyn) = Verb.Qal.Impv.2ms of בין = "understand!" (imperative)
- בַּדָּבָר (ba-davar) = "the word/matter"
- וְהָבֵן (ve-haben) = Verb.Hiphil.Impv.2ms of בין = "understand!" (causative imperative)
- בַּמַּרְאֶה (ba-mar'eh) = Prep + Art + mar'eh = "the vision/sight"
- CHAIN MATCH: Dan 8:16 "haben...et ha-mar'eh" = Dan 9:23 "vehaben ba-mar'eh"
  - SAME verb (biyn), SAME stem (Hiphil), SAME form (Imperative 2ms), SAME object (ha-mar'eh)
  - This is a grammatical inclusio linking 8:16 to 9:23

Daniel 9:24¶

שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעִים נֶחְתַּךְ עַל־עַמְּךָ וְעַל־עִיר קָדְשֶׁךָ לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע וּלְהָתֵם חַטָּאוֹת וּלְכַפֵּר עָוֹן וּלְהָבִיא צֶדֶק עֹלָמִים וְלַחְתֹּם חָזוֹן וְנָבִיא וְלִמְשֹׁחַ קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים

Key words:
- שָׁבֻעִים (shabu'im) = Noun.mp.Abs of shabuwa = "weeks" (70 weeks)
- נֶחְתַּךְ (nechtak) = Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms of chathak (H2852) = "are cut off/determined"
  - HAPAX: sole OT occurrence; primary meaning "cut off"
- Six infinitive construct clauses:
  1. לְכַלֵּא הַפֶּשַׁע = "to finish/restrain THE transgression" (Piel InfCst of כלה + ha-pesha)
  2. וּלְהָתֵם חַטָּאוֹת = "to seal up/make an end of sins" (Hiphil InfCst of תמם + chattat)
  3. וּלְכַפֵּר עָוֹן = "to cover/atone for iniquity" (Piel InfCst of כפר + avon)
  4. וּלְהָבִיא צֶדֶק עֹלָמִים = "to bring in everlasting righteousness" (Hiphil InfCst of בוא + tsedeq olamim)
  5. וְלַחְתֹּם חָזוֹן וְנָבִיא = "to seal up vision and prophet" (Qal InfCst of חתם + chazon ve-nabi)
  6. וְלִמְשֹׁחַ קֹדֶשׁ קָדָשִׁים = "to anoint a holy of holies" (Qal InfCst of משׁח + qodesh qodashim)

CLAUSE STRUCTURE (from --clause output):
- Clause 1 (XQtl): Main clause -- "70 weeks are cut off upon your people and upon your holy city"
- Clauses 2-7 (InfC): Six purpose clauses, all infinitive construct

Daniel 9:25¶

וְתֵדַע וְתַשְׂכֵּל מִן־מֹצָא דָבָר לְהָשִׁיב וְלִבְנוֹת יְרוּשָׁלִַם עַד־מָשִׁיחַ נָגִיד שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעָה וְשָׁבֻעִים שִׁשִּׁים וּשְׁנַיִם תָּשׁוּב וְנִבְנְתָה רְחוֹב וְחָרוּץ וּבְצוֹק הָעִתִּים

Key words:
- מָשִׁיחַ (mashiach) = Noun.ms.Abs = "anointed one" -- NO definite article
- נָגִיד (nagid) = Noun.ms.Abs = "chief/prince/ruler"
- NOTE: mashiach is ANARTHROUS (no article "ha-") -- "an anointed one, a prince"
- This supports PRET reading as "an anointed leader" rather than "THE Messiah"
- The Masoretic atnach (major disjunctive accent) appears after "seven weeks" (שָׁבֻעִים שִׁבְעָה)
  - This creates a pause separating: "unto an anointed one, a prince, seven weeks"
  - Then: "and sixty-two weeks the street shall be built again..."

Daniel 9:26¶

וְאַחֲרֵי הַשָּׁבֻעִים שִׁשִּׁים וּשְׁנַיִם יִכָּרֵת מָשִׁיחַ וְאֵין לוֹ

Key words:
- יִכָּרֵת (yikkaret) = Verb.Niphal.Impf.3ms of כרת (karath H3772) = "shall be cut off"
- מָשִׁיחַ (mashiach) = "anointed one" -- again ANARTHROUS
- וְאֵין לוֹ (ve-ein lo) = "and nothing to him" / "but not for himself"
- נָגִיד הַבָּא (nagid ha-ba) = "prince the coming one" -- "the prince who shall come"
- נֶחֱרֶצֶת (necheretset) = Niphal Ptcp of חרץ (charats H2782) = "determined/decreed"
- שֹׁמֵמוֹת (shomemot) = Qal Ptcp fp of שׁמם = "desolations"

CLAUSE STRUCTURE:
- Clause 1 (WxYX): "after 62 weeks mashiach shall be cut off" -- Subject = mashiach
- Clause 2 (NmCl): "and nothing to him" -- nominal clause
- Clause 3 (WxYX): "the city and the holy shall destroy the people of a coming prince" -- Subject = am nagid ha-ba
- Clause 4-6: Participle and nominal clauses about flood, end, desolations

Daniel 9:27¶

וְהִגְבִּיר בְּרִית לָרַבִּים שָׁבוּעַ אֶחָד

Key words:
- וְהִגְבִּיר (ve-higbir) = Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms of גבר (gabar H1396) = "and he shall make strong/prevail"
- Note: Hiphil stem = causative -- "he shall cause to be strong" (a covenant)
- NO explicit subject named -- grammatically depends on prior context
- בְּרִית (berit) = "covenant" -- direct object
- יַשְׁבִּית (yashbit) = Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms of שׁבת = "he shall cause to cease"
- שִׁקּוּצִים (shiqquts) = "abominations/detestable things/idols"
- מְשֹׁמֵם (meshomem) = Piel Ptcp of שׁמם = "one who makes desolate"

CLAUSE STRUCTURE:
- Clause 1 (WQt0): "and he shall make strong covenant for the many, one week"
  - Subject unnamed; Pred = higbir; Objc = berit; Cmpl = la-rabbim; Time = shabuwa echad
- Clause 2 (WxY0): "and the half of the week he shall cause sacrifice and offering to cease"
- Clause 3 (NmCl): "and upon the wing of abominations one who desolates"

Daniel 10:1¶

בִּשְׁנַת שָׁלוֹשׁ לְכוֹרֶשׁ מֶלֶךְ פָּרַס דָּבָר נִגְלָה לְדָנִיֵּאל... וּבִין אֶת־הַדָּבָר וּבִינָה לוֹ בַּמַּרְאֶה

Key words:
- וּבִין (u-biyn) = Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms of בין = "and he understood"
- אֶת־הַדָּבָר (et ha-davar) = "the word/matter"
- וּבִינָה (u-binah) = Noun.fs of בינה = "understanding"
- בַּמַּרְאֶה (ba-mar'eh) = "in the vision/sight"
- CHAIN COMPLETION: biyn + mar'eh together -- Daniel now has UNDERSTANDING of the VISION
- The biyn chain: 8:27 "none understood" -> 9:2 "I understood" -> 9:23 "understand the mar'eh" -> 10:1 "he understood...understanding in the mar'eh"

Daniel 11:22¶

וּזְרֹעוֹת הַשֶּׁטֶף יִשָּׁטְפוּ מִלְּפָנָיו וְיִשָּׁבֵרוּ וְגַם נְגִיד בְּרִית

Key words:
- וְיִשָּׁבֵרוּ (ve-yishaberu) = Verb.Niphal.Impf.3mp of שׁבר = "they shall be broken"
- נְגִיד (negid) = Noun.ms.Cst of נגיד = "prince/ruler of"
- בְּרִית (berit) = Noun.fs.Abs = "covenant"
- PRET reads "negid berit" = "prince of the covenant" = Onias III (same figure as mashiach in 9:26)
- NOTE: verb is שׁבר (shabar = break) in 11:22 vs. כרת (karath = cut off) in 9:26 -- different verbs

Daniel 8:14¶

עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְפַּיִם וּשְׁלשׁ מֵאוֹת וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ

Key words:
- וְנִצְדַּק (ve-nitsdaq) = Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms of צדק (tsadaq) = "shall be justified/vindicated/cleansed"
- קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) = "holiness/holy place/sanctuary"
- SHARED with Dan 9:24: tsedeq (righteousness) and qodesh (holiness) appear in BOTH passages