Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶

Daniel 8:4 — Gadal Hiphil (Ram becomes great)¶

רָאִ֣יתִי אֶת־הָאַ֡יִל מְנַגֵּחַ֩ יָ֨מָּה וְצָפֹ֜ונָה וָנֶ֗גְבָּה וְכָל־חַיֹּות֙ לֹֽא־יַֽעַמְד֣וּ לְפָנָ֔יו וְאֵ֥ין מַצִּ֖יל מִיָּדֹ֑ו וְעָשָׂ֥ה כִרְצֹנֹ֖ו וְהִגְדִּֽיל׃

Key terms:
- כִרְצֹנֹ֖ו (kirtsonoh) — ratson H7522, Noun.ms.Abs.+3ms "pleasure/will" — "according to his will"
- וְהִגְדִּֽיל (wehigdil) — gadal H1431, Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms "be strong/great"

NOTE: Hiphil stem = causative. Ram "caused itself to be great" / "made itself great"
NOTE: kirtsonoh marks structural transition (also at Dan 11:3, 11:16, 11:36)

Daniel 8:8 — Gadal Hiphil + ad-meod (Goat becomes very great)¶

וּצְפִ֥יר הָעִזִּ֖ים הִגְדִּ֣יל עַד־מְאֹ֑ד

Key terms:
- הִגְדִּ֣יל (higdil) — gadal H1431, Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3ms "be strong/great"
- עַד־מְאֹ֑ד (ad-meod) — "unto exceedingly/very"
- נִשְׁבְּרָה֙ (nishberah) — shabar H7665, Verb.Niphal.Perf.3fs "break" — great horn broken
- חָז֤וּת (chazut) — Noun.fs.Abs "vision" (four notable horns)

NOTE: Same Hiphil stem as 8:4. Modifier escalation: 8:4 = just gadal; 8:8 = gadal ad-meod

Daniel 8:9 — Gadal Qal + Yether (Horn exceeds exceedingly)¶

וּמִן־הָאַחַ֣ת מֵהֶ֔ם יָצָ֥א קֶֽרֶן־אַחַ֖ת מִצְּעִירָ֑ה וַתִּגְדַּל־יֶ֛תֶר אֶל־הַנֶּ֥גֶב וְאֶל־הַמִּזְרָ֖ח וְאֶל־הַצֶּֽבִי׃

Key terms:
- מִצְּעִירָ֑ה (mitseirah) — H4704, Noun.fs.Abs "youth/littleness" — HAPAX LEGOMENON
- וַתִּגְדַּל (vattigdal) — gadal H1431, Verb.Qal.Wayq.3fs "be strong/great"
- יֶ֛תֶר (yether) — H3499, Noun.ms.Abs "remainder/excess/surplus"
- אֶל־הַנֶּ֥גֶב (el-ha-negeb) — "toward the south"
- וְאֶל־הַמִּזְרָ֖ח (ve-el-ha-mizrach) — "toward the east/sunrise"
- וְאֶל־הַצֶּֽבִי (ve-el-ha-tsebi) — "toward the beauty/pleasant [land]"

NOTE: STEM SHIFT: Ram (8:4) and Goat (8:8) use HIPHIL; Horn uses QAL.
NOTE: Yether modifies gadal = "exceedingly beyond" — horn surpasses both predecessors
NOTE: Directional markers: south, east, pleasant land — FUT argues Seleucid geography

Daniel 8:13 — Ha-tamid ve-ha-pesha shomem (Vision question)¶

עַד־מָתַ֞י הֶחָזֹ֤ון הַתָּמִיד֙ וְהַפֶּ֣שַׁע שֹׁמֵ֔ם תֵּ֛ת וְקֹ֥דֶשׁ וְצָבָ֖א מִרְמָֽס׃

Key terms:
- הֶחָזֹ֤ון (hechazon) — chazon H2377, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the vision"
- הַתָּמִיד֙ (hattamid) — tamid H8548, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the continuity/daily"
- וְהַפֶּ֣שַׁע (veha-pesha) — pesha H6588, Conj+Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "and the rebellion"
- שֹׁמֵ֔ם (shomem) — shamam H8074, Verb.Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs "be desolate"
- מִרְמָֽס (mirmas) — H4823, Noun.ms.Abs "trampled land/trampling"

NOTE: Both ha-tamid AND ha-pesha have the definite article (ha-).
NOTE: The conjunction ve connects the two articular nouns.
NOTE: FUT reads this as one question about one desolating system; HIST reads two separate entities.

Daniel 8:14 — Nitsdaq (Sanctuary cleansed/justified)¶

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלַ֔י עַ֚ד עֶ֣רֶב בֹּ֔קֶר אַלְפַּ֖יִם וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֑ות וְנִצְדַּ֖ק קֹֽדֶשׁ׃

Key terms:
- עֶ֣רֶב (erev) — H6153, Noun.ms.Abs "evening"
- בֹּ֔קֶר (boqer) — H1242, Noun.ms.Abs "morning"
- אַלְפַּ֖יִם (alpayim) — H505, Noun.d.Abs "thousand" (dual = two thousand)
- וּשְׁלֹ֣שׁ מֵאֹ֑ות (ushlosh meot) — "and three hundred"
- וְנִצְדַּ֖ק (venitsdaq) — tsadaq H6663, Verb.Niphal.Perf.3ms "be just/justified"
- קֹֽדֶשׁ (qodesh) — H6944, Noun.ms.Abs "holiness/sanctuary"

NOTE: ONLY Niphal of tsadaq in entire OT. All other passive forms are forensic/courtroom.
NOTE: Erev-boqer = "evening-morning" — same order as Gen 1 day formula

Daniel 8:17 — Le-eth qets (Time of the end)¶

הָבֵ֣ן בֶּן־אָדָ֔ם כִּ֖י לְעֶת־קֵ֥ץ הֶחָזֹֽון׃

Key terms:
- הָבֵ֣ן (haven) — bin H995, Verb.Hiphil.Impv.2ms "understand"
- לְעֶת־קֵ֥ץ (le-eth-qets) — "to/for the time of end"
  - עֶת (eth) — H6256, Noun.s.Cst "time"
  - קֵ֥ץ (qets) — H7093, Noun.ms.Abs "end"
- הֶחָזֹֽון (hechazon) — chazon H2377, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the vision"

NOTE: le-eth-qets = "for the time of the end" — construct chain
NOTE: Same phrase at 11:35, 11:40, 12:4, 12:9 — eth qets chain

Daniel 8:19 — Acharit ha-zaAm, le-moed qets¶

הִנְנִ֣י מֹודִֽיעֲךָ֔ אֵ֥ת אֲשֶׁר־יִהְיֶ֖ה בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית הַזָּ֑עַם כִּ֖י לְמֹועֵ֥ד קֵֽץ׃

Key terms:
- בְּאַחֲרִ֣ית (be-acharit) — "in the end/latter time"
- הַזָּ֑עַם (ha-zaAm) — zaAm H2195, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the indignation/curse"
- לְמֹועֵ֥ד (le-moed) — moed H4150, Noun.ms.Cst "appointment/appointed time"
- קֵֽץ (qets) — H7093, Noun.ms.Abs "end"

NOTE: zaAm (H2195) appears ONLY here and at Dan 11:36 within Daniel — rare-word bracket
NOTE: le-moed qets = "for the appointed time of the end" — stronger than 8:17's eth qets

Daniel 8:23 — Be-acharit malkutam (Timestamp clause)¶

וּֽבְאַחֲרִית֙ מַלְכוּתָ֔ם כְּהָתֵ֖ם הַפֹּשְׁעִ֑ים יַעֲמֹ֛ד מֶ֥לֶךְ עַז־פָּנִ֖ים וּמֵבִ֥ין חִידֹֽות׃

Key terms:
- בְאַחֲרִית֙ (be-acharit) — acharit H319, Noun.fs.Cst "end/latter time"
- מַלְכוּתָ֔ם (malkutam) — malkut H4438, Noun.fs.Abs.+3mp "their kingdom"
  NOTE: -am suffix = 3mp possessive, pointing back to four kingdoms of 8:22
- כְּהָתֵ֖ם (kehatem) — tamam H8552, Verb.Hiphil.InfCon.Cst "be complete/come to the full"
- הַפֹּשְׁעִ֑ים (ha-poshim) — pasha H6586, Verb.Qal.Ptcp.mp.Abs "the rebels/transgressors"
- מֶ֥לֶךְ (melekh) — H4428, Noun.ms.Abs "king"
- עַז־פָּנִ֖ים (az-paniym) — "fierce of face/countenance"
  - עַז (az) — H5794, Adj.ms.Cst "strong/fierce"
  - פָּנִ֖ים (paniym) — H6440, Noun.mp.Abs "face"
- וּמֵבִ֥ין (umevin) — bin H995, Verb.Hiphil.Ptcp.ms.Abs "understanding"
- חִידֹֽות (chidot) — chidah H2420, Noun.fp.Abs "riddles/dark sentences"

NOTE: az-paniym also in Deut 28:50 only — two OT occurrences total
NOTE: -am suffix binds the timestamp to the four kingdoms preceding

Daniel 8:24 — Not by his own power¶

וְעָצַ֤ם כֹּחֹו֙ וְלֹ֣א בְכֹחֹ֔ו וְנִפְלָאֹ֥ות יַשְׁחִ֖ית

Key terms:
- וְעָצַ֤ם (ve-atsam) — atsam H6105, Verb.Qal.Perf.3ms "be mighty"
- כֹּחֹו֙ (kocho) — koach H3581, Noun.ms.Abs.+3ms "his strength"
- וְלֹ֣א בְכֹחֹ֔ו (ve-lo be-kocho) — "and NOT by his own power"
- וְנִפְלָאֹ֥ות (ve-niflaot) — pala H6381, Verb.Niphal.Ptcp.fp.Abs "wonderfully/miraculously"
- יַשְׁחִ֖ית (yashchit) — shachat H7843, Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms "destroy"
- עֲצוּמִ֖ים (atsumim) — atsum H6099, Adj.mp.Abs "mighty/numerous"
- וְעַם־קְדֹשִֽׁים (ve-am-qedoshim) — "and people of holy ones / holy people"

NOTE: "Not by his own power" — FUT reads as satanic empowerment (cf. 2 Thess 2:9, Rev 13:2)

Daniel 8:25 — Broken without hand, mirmah, sar sarim¶

וְעַל־שִׂכְלֹ֗ו וְהִצְלִ֤יחַ מִרְמָה֙ בְּיָדֹ֔ו וּבִלְבָבֹ֣ו יַגְדִּ֔יל וּבְשַׁלְוָ֖ה יַשְׁחִ֣ית רַבִּ֑ים וְעַ֤ל־שַׂר־שָׂרִים֙ יַעֲמֹ֔ד וּבְאֶ֥פֶס יָ֖ד יִשָּׁבֵֽר׃

Key terms:
- שִׂכְלֹ֗ו (sikhlo) — sekhel H7922, Noun.ms.Abs.+3ms "his insight/understanding"
- מִרְמָה֙ (mirmah) — H4820, Noun.fs.Abs "deceit"
- יַגְדִּ֔יל (yagdil) — gadal H1431, Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms "magnify/be great"
- וּבְשַׁלְוָ֖ה (u-be-shalvah) — shalvah H7962, Noun.fs.Abs "ease/security"
- יַשְׁחִ֣ית (yashchit) — shachat H7843, Verb.Hiphil.Impf.3ms "destroy"
- שַׂר־שָׂרִים֙ (sar-sarim) — sar H8269, Noun.ms.Cst + Noun.mp.Abs "prince of princes"
- וּבְאֶ֥פֶס יָ֖ד (u-be-efes yad) — "and by ceasing of hand" / "without hand"
  - אֶ֥פֶס (efes) — H657, Noun.ms.Cst "end/ceasing/nothing"
  - יָ֖ד (yad) — H3027, Noun.s.Abs "hand"
- יִשָּׁבֵֽר (yishaver) — shabar H7665, Verb.Niphal.Impf.3ms "be broken"

NOTE: sar-sarim = superlative "Prince of princes" — divine title construction
NOTE: be-efes yad parallels Dan 2:34,45 "without hands" (though different vocabulary)
NOTE: shalvah appears also in Dan 11:21, 11:24 — ease/prosperity used as weapon

Daniel 7:25 — Speaks against Most High (ARAMAIC)¶

וּמִלִּ֗ין לְצַ֤ד עִלָּאָה֙ יְמַלִּ֔ל וּלְקַדִּישֵׁ֥י עֶלְיֹונִ֖ין יְבַלֵּ֑א

Key terms (Aramaic):
- מִלִּ֗ין (millin) — millah, Noun.fp.Abs "words"
- לְצַ֤ד (le-tsad) — tsad, Noun.ms.Cst "side" — "against the side of"
- עִלָּאָה (illaya) — Adj.ms "highest/Most High"
- יְמַלִּ֔ל (yemallel) — malal, Verb.pael.Impf.3ms "speak"
- קַדִּישֵׁ֥י (qaddishe) — qaddish, Adj.mp.Cst "holy ones"
- עֶלְיֹונִ֖ין (elyonin) — elyon, Adj.mp.Abs "most high"
- יְבַלֵּ֑א (yevalle) — balah, Verb.pael.Impf.3ms "wear out"
- לְהַשְׁנָיָה֙ (le-hashnayah) — shenah, Verb.haf.InfCon.Abs "change"
- זִמְנִ֣ין (zimnin) — zeman, Noun.mp.Abs "times"
- וְדָ֔ת (ve-dat) — dat, Noun.fs.Abs "law"
- עִדָּ֥ן וְעִדָּנִ֖ין וּפְלַ֥ג עִדָּֽן (iddan ve-iddanin u-felag iddan) — "time and times and half a time"
  - עִדָּן (iddan) — H5732, Noun.ms.Abs "time/year"

NOTE: Dan 7:25 is ARAMAIC, Dan 8:25 is HEBREW — different languages but parallel content
NOTE: iddan (H5732) = same word as Dan 4:16,23,25,32 (Nebuchadnezzar's 7 "times")

Daniel 11:31 — Tamid removed, abomination placed¶

וּזְרֹעִ֖ים מִמֶּ֣נּוּ יַעֲמֹ֑דוּ וְחִלְּל֞וּ הַמִּקְדָּ֤שׁ הַמָּעֹוז֙ וְהֵסִ֣ירוּ הַתָּמִ֔יד וְנָתְנ֖וּ הַשִּׁקּ֥וּץ מְשֹׁומֵֽם׃

Key terms:
- חִלְּל֞וּ (chilelu) — chalal H2490, Verb.Piel.Perf.3p "defile/profane"
- הַמִּקְדָּ֤שׁ (ha-miqdash) — H4720, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the sanctuary"
- הַמָּעֹוז֙ (ha-maoz) — maoz H4581, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the fortress/strength"
- הֵסִ֣ירוּ (hesiru) — sur H5493, Verb.Hiphil.Perf.3p "remove/turn aside"
- הַתָּמִ֔יד (ha-tamid) — tamid H8548, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the continual/daily"
- הַשִּׁקּ֥וּץ (ha-shiqquts) — shiqquts H8251, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the abomination/idol"
- מְשֹׁומֵֽם (meshomem) — shamam H8074, Verb.Piel.Ptcp.ms.Abs "desolate"

NOTE: Shares vocabulary with Dan 8:11-13 (tamid, qodesh) and Dan 12:11
NOTE: shiqquts meshomem = "abomination that makes desolate" — same in Dan 12:11

Daniel 11:36 — Willful king, zaAm, necharatsah¶

וְעָשָׂ֨ה כִרְצֹונֹ֜ו הַמֶּ֗לֶךְ וְיִתְרֹומֵ֤ם וְיִתְגַּדֵּל֙ עַל־כָּל־אֵ֔ל וְעַל֙ אֵ֣ל אֵלִ֔ים יְדַבֵּ֖ר נִפְלָאֹ֑ות וְהִצְלִ֨יחַ֙ עַד־כָּ֣לָה זַ֔עַם כִּ֥י נֶחֱרָצָ֖ה נֶעֱשָֽׂתָה׃

Key terms:
- כִרְצֹונֹ֜ו (kirtsonoh) — ratson H7522, Noun.ms.Abs.+3ms "his will/pleasure"
- וְיִתְרֹומֵ֤ם (ve-yitromem) — rum H7311, Verb.Hithpael.Impf.3ms "exalt himself"
- וְיִתְגַּדֵּל֙ (ve-yitgaddel) — gadal H1431, Verb.Hithpael.Impf.3ms "magnify himself"
- אֵ֣ל אֵלִ֔ים (el elim) — "God of gods" — superlative construction
- יְדַבֵּ֖ר נִפְלָאֹ֑ות (yedabber niflaot) — "speak wonderful/extraordinary things"
- זַ֔עַם (zaAm) — H2195, Noun.ms.Abs "indignation/curse"
- נֶחֱרָצָ֖ה (necharatsah) — charats H2782, Verb.Niphal.Ptcp.fs.Abs "determined/decreed"

NOTE: zaAm bracket — H2195 appears ONLY at Dan 8:19 and 11:36 within Daniel
NOTE: kirtsonoh — fourth of four structural markers (Dan 8:4, 11:3, 11:16, 11:36)
NOTE: necharatsah — same root as Dan 9:26, 9:27 (charats H2782)
NOTE: Hithpael of gadal = reflexive "magnifies HIMSELF" — different from Hiphil/Qal in Dan 8

Daniel 12:11 — Tamid/abomination + 1290 days¶

וּמֵעֵת֙ הוּסַ֣ר הַתָּמִ֔יד וְלָתֵ֖ת שִׁקּ֣וּץ שֹׁמֵ֑ם יָמִ֕ים אֶ֖לֶף מָאתַ֥יִם וְתִשְׁעִֽים׃

Key terms:
- הוּסַ֣ר (husar) — sur H5493, Verb.Hophal.Perf.3ms "removed" (passive)
- הַתָּמִ֔יד (ha-tamid) — tamid H8548, Art.+Noun.ms.Abs "the continual"
- שִׁקּ֣וּץ שֹׁמֵ֑ם (shiqquts shomem) — "abomination [that makes] desolate"
- יָמִ֕ים (yamim) — "days" — 1,290 days

NOTE: Same tamid + shiqquts terminology as 8:13, 11:31
NOTE: Hophal = passive causative — "the tamid WAS REMOVED"

Numbers 14:34 — Day-year precedent¶

בְּמִסְפַּ֨ר הַיָּמִ֜ים אֲשֶׁר־תַּרְתֶּ֣ם אֶת־הָאָרֶץ֮ אַרְבָּעִ֣ים יֹום֒ יֹ֣ום לַשָּׁנָ֞ה יֹ֣ום לַשָּׁנָ֗ה

Key terms:
- יֹ֣ום לַשָּׁנָ֞ה (yom la-shanah) — "day for the year" — REPEATED TWICE
- אַרְבָּעִ֣ים יֹום֒ (arbaim yom) — "forty days"
- אַרְבָּעִ֖ים שָׁנָ֑ה (arbaim shanah) — "forty years"
- תְּנוּאָתִֽי (tenuati) — tenuah H8569, Noun.fs.Abs.+1us "my opposition/alienation"

NOTE: Explicit divine declaration: each day = one year for punishment
NOTE: This is a specific divine act, not a general hermeneutical principle