Raw Hebrew Parsing Output¶

Dan 8:4¶

רָאִיתִי אֶת־הָאַיִל מְנַגֵּחַ יָמָּה וְצָפֹונָה וָנֶגְבָּה וְכָל־חַיֹּות לֹא־יַעַמְדוּ לְפָנָיו וְאֵין מַצִּיל מִיָּדֹו וְעָשָׂה כִרְצֹנֹו וְהִגְדִּיל׃

Key words:
- כִרְצֹנֹו (kir'tsono) = "according to his will" — H7522 ratson + 3ms suffix
- וְהִגְדִּיל (wehigdil) = "and became great" — H1431 gadal, Hiphil.Perf.3ms

Dan 8:8¶

וּצְפִיר הָעִזִּים הִגְדִּיל עַד־מְאֹד וּכְעָצְמֹו נִשְׁבְּרָה הַקֶּרֶן הַגְּדֹולָה וַתַּעֲלֶנָה חָזוּת אַרְבַּע תַּחְתֶּיהָ לְאַרְבַּע רוּחֹות הַשָּׁמָיִם׃

Key words:
- הִגְדִּיל עַד־מְאֹד (higdil ad-me'od) = "waxed very great" — H1431 gadal, Hiphil.Perf.3ms + unto + might
- חָזוּת (chazut) = "conspicuous/notable" — Noun.fs.Abs — vision/appearance
- אַרְבַּע (arba) = "four"
- רוּחֹות (ruchot) = "winds" — Noun.fp.Cst — feminine plural

Dan 8:9 (CRITICAL)¶

וּמִן־הָאַחַת מֵהֶם יָצָא קֶרֶן־אַחַת מִצְּעִירָה וַתִּגְדַּל־יֶתֶר אֶל־הַנֶּגֶב וְאֶל־הַמִּזְרָח וְאֶל־הַצֶּבִי׃

Key words:
- מֵהֶם (mehem) = "from them" — Prep.+3mp — masculine plural suffix
- הָאַחַת (ha-achat) = "the one" — Art + Noun.fs.Abs — feminine singular
- קֶרֶן (qeren) = "horn" — H7161, Noun.fs.Abs — feminine
- אַחַת (achat) = "one" — Noun.fs.Abs — feminine (matching qeren)
- מִצְּעִירָה (mits'eirah) = "from littleness" — H4704, Noun.fs.Abs — HAPAX
- וַתִּגְדַּל (vattigdal) = "and it grew" — H1431 gadal, Qal.Wayq.3fs (NOTE: QAL, not Hiphil)
- יֶתֶר (yether) = "exceedingly/surplus" — H3499, Noun.ms.Abs
- הַנֶּגֶב (ha-negev) = "the south" — south
- הַמִּזְרָח (ha-mizrach) = "the east" — sunrise
- הַצֶּבִי (ha-tsevi) = "the beauty/pleasant [land]" — beauty/glory (= land of Israel)

CRITICAL OBSERVATIONS:
1. mehem is 3mp (masculine plural) — but both candidate antecedents are feminine: qeranot (horns) and ruchot (winds)
2. gadal is QAL here, vs. HIPHIL in 8:4 and 8:8 — stem shift
3. yether is NOT an adverb; it is a noun meaning "surplus, excess, preeminence"
4. mits'eirah is a hapax legomenon — the deliberate avoidance of common qatan (101x in OT)

Dan 8:10¶

וַתִּגְדַּל עַד־צְבָא הַשָּׁמָיִם וַתַּפֵּל אַרְצָה מִן־הַצָּבָא וּמִן־הַכֹּוכָבִים וַתִּרְמְסֵם׃

Key words:
- וַתִּגְדַּל (vattigdal) = "and it grew" — H1431 gadal, Qal.Wayq.3fs (QAL continues)
- צְבָא הַשָּׁמָיִם (tseva ha-shamayim) = "host of heaven" — H6635 + heavens
- וַתַּפֵּל (vattappel) = "and it cast down" — H5307 naphal, Hiphil.Wayq.3fs
- הַכֹּוכָבִים (ha-kokavim) = "the stars"
- וַתִּרְמְסֵם (vattirm'sem) = "and trampled them" — H7429 ramas, Qal.Wayq.3fs+3mp

Dan 8:11 (CRITICAL — compare with 11:31)¶

וְעַד שַׂר־הַצָּבָא הִגְדִּיל וּמִמֶּנּוּ הוּרַם הַתָּמִיד וְהֻשְׁלַךְ מְכֹון מִקְדָּשֹׁו׃

Key words:
- שַׂר־הַצָּבָא (sar ha-tsava) = "prince of the host" — H8269 + H6635
- הִגְדִּיל (higdil) = "magnified [himself]" — H1431 gadal, Hiphil.Perf.3ms (back to HIPHIL)
- מִמֶּנּוּ (mimmennu) = "from him" — Prep.+3ms
- הוּרַם (huram) = "was taken up/lifted" — H7311 rum, Hophal.Perf.3ms (PASSIVE of Hiphil)
- הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid) = "the daily/continual" — H8548, Noun.ms.Abs
- מְכֹון (mekhon) = "place/foundation" — site
- מִקְדָּשֹׁו (miqdasho) = "his sanctuary" — H4720 miqdash + 3ms suffix

NOTE: Dan 11:31 uses הֵסִירוּ (hesiru) = Hiphil.Perf.3p of H5493 sur ("turn aside/remove")
Dan 8:11 uses הוּרַם (huram) = Hophal.Perf.3ms of H7311 rum ("lifted up")
The verbs are DIFFERENT — rum in 8:11 vs. sur in 11:31.
Both verses share הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid).

Dan 8:12¶

וְצָבָא תִּנָּתֵן עַל־הַתָּמִיד בְּפָשַׁע וְתַשְׁלֵךְ אֱמֶת אַרְצָה וְעָשְׂתָה וְהִצְלִיחָה׃

Key words:
- צָבָא (tsava) = "host/army" — H6635
- תִּנָּתֵן (tinnatein) = "shall be given" — H5414 natan, Niphal.Impf.3fs (passive)
- הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid) = "the daily" — H8548
- בְּפָשַׁע (be-fesha) = "by reason of transgression" — H6588 pesha
- אֱמֶת (emet) = "truth" — trustworthiness
- וְהִצְלִיחָה (vehitslichah) = "and prospered" — H6743 tsalach, Hiphil.Perf.3fs

Dan 8:13¶

וָאֶשְׁמְעָה אֶחָד־קָדֹושׁ מְדַבֵּר וַיֹּאמֶר אֶחָד קָדֹושׁ לַפַּלְמֹונִי הַמְדַבֵּר עַד־מָתַי הֶחָזֹון הַתָּמִיד וְהַפֶּשַׁע שֹׁמֵם תֵּת וְקֹדֶשׁ וְצָבָא מִרְמָס׃

Key words:
- הֶחָזֹון (he-chazon) = "the vision" — H2377
- הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid) = "the daily" — H8548
- וְהַפֶּשַׁע (veha-pesha) = "and the transgression" — H6588 (with article and conjunction)
- שֹׁמֵם (shomem) = "desolating" — H8074 shamem, Qal.Ptcp.ms.Abs
- קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) = "holiness/sanctuary" — H6944 (NOT H4720 miqdash as in 8:11)
- מִרְמָס (mirmas) = "trampled land" — trampling

NOTE: The phrase is "ha-chazon ha-tamid ve-ha-pesha shomem"
The ve (and) is a simple coordinating conjunction joining tamid and pesha-shomem
Dan 11:31 uses שִׁקּוּץ מְשֹׁומֵם (shiqquts meshomem) — same meshomem participle
Dan 8:13 uses פֶּשַׁע שֹׁמֵם (pesha shomem) — different noun, same participial form

Dan 8:14¶

וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי עַד עֶרֶב בֹּקֶר אַלְפַּיִם וּשְׁלֹשׁ מֵאֹות וְנִצְדַּק קֹדֶשׁ׃

Key words:
- עֶרֶב (erev) = "evening" — Noun.ms.Abs
- בֹּקֶר (boqer) = "morning" — Noun.ms.Abs (asyndetic — NO conjunction between them)
- אַלְפַּיִם (alpayim) = "two thousand" — Noun.dual.Abs
- שְׁלֹשׁ מֵאֹות (shlosh me'ot) = "three hundred"
- וְנִצְדַּק (venitsdaq) = "and shall be vindicated/cleansed" — H6663 tsadaq, Niphal.Perf.3ms
  THE ONLY NIPHAL OF TSADAQ IN THE OT
- קֹדֶשׁ (qodesh) = "holiness/sanctuary" — H6944 (same as 8:13, NOT miqdash)

Dan 8:17¶

וַיָּבֹא אֵצֶל עָמְדִי וּבְבֹאֹו נִבְעַתִּי וָאֶפְּלָה עַל־פָּנָי וַיֹּאמֶר אֵלַי הָבֵן בֶּן־אָדָם כִּי לְעֶת־קֵץ הֶחָזֹון׃

Key words:
- לְעֶת־קֵץ (le-eth-qets) = "to the time of the end" — H6256 eth + H7093 qets
- הֶחָזֹון (he-chazon) = "the vision" — H2377

Dan 8:19¶

וַיֹּאמֶר הִנְנִי מֹודִיעֲךָ אֵת אֲשֶׁר־יִהְיֶה בְּאַחֲרִית הַזָּעַם כִּי לְמֹועֵד קֵץ׃

Key words:
- בְּאַחֲרִית (be-acharit) = "in the latter time of" — H319 acharit, Noun.fs.Cst
- הַזָּעַם (ha-za'am) = "the indignation" — H2195 za'am
- לְמֹועֵד קֵץ (le-mo'ed qets) = "for the appointed time of the end" — H4150 mo'ed + H7093 qets

Dan 8:23¶

וּבְאַחֲרִית מַלְכוּתָם כְּהָתֵם הַפֹּשְׁעִים יַעֲמֹד מֶלֶךְ עַז־פָּנִים וּמֵבִין חִידֹות׃

Key words:
- וּבְאַחֲרִית (u-ve-acharit) = "and in the latter time of" — H319 acharit, Noun.fs.Cst
- מַלְכוּתָם (malkutam) = "their kingdom" — H4438 malkut + 3mp suffix
  NOTE: malkut is FEMININE, but suffix is 3mp (masculine plural) — same constructio ad sensum pattern as mehem in 8:9
- כְּהָתֵם (ke-hatem) = "when are completed/at the fullness of" — H8552 tamam, Hiphil.InfCon
- הַפֹּשְׁעִים (ha-posh'im) = "the transgressors" — H6586 pasha, Qal.Ptcp.mp.Abs
- עַז־פָּנִים (az-panim) = "fierce of countenance" — Adj.ms.Cst + face
  cf. Deut 28:50 "a nation of fierce countenance" — EXCLUSIVE parallel
- חִידֹות (chidot) = "riddles/enigmas" — H2420 chidah

Dan 8:24¶

וְעָצַם כֹּחֹו וְלֹא בְכֹחֹו וְנִפְלָאֹות יַשְׁחִית וְהִצְלִיחַ וְעָשָׂה וְהִשְׁחִית עֲצוּמִים וְעַם־קְדֹשִׁים׃

Key words:
- כֹּחֹו (kocho) = "his power" — H3581 koach + 3ms
- וְלֹא בְכֹחֹו (ve-lo ve-kocho) = "and not by his own power"
- וְנִפְלָאֹות (ve-nifla'ot) = "and wonderfully" — H6381 pala, Niphal.Ptcp.fp
- יַשְׁחִית (yashchit) = "he shall destroy" — H7843 shachat, Hiphil.Impf.3ms
- עֲצוּמִים (atsumim) = "mighty ones" — mighty
- עַם־קְדֹשִׁים (am-qedoshim) = "holy people/people of saints"

Dan 8:25¶

וְעַל־שִׂכְלֹו וְהִצְלִיחַ מִרְמָה בְּיָדֹו וּבִלְבָבֹו יַגְדִּיל וּבְשַׁלְוָה יַשְׁחִית רַבִּים וְעַל־שַׂר־שָׂרִים יַעֲמֹד וּבְאֶפֶס יָד יִשָּׁבֵר׃

Key words:
- שִׂכְלֹו (sikhlo) = "his insight/prudence" — H7922 sekel
- מִרְמָה (mirmah) = "deceit/craft" — H4820
- יַגְדִּיל (yagdil) = "he shall magnify [himself]" — H1431 gadal, Hiphil.Impf.3ms
- שַׁלְוָה (shalvah) = "ease/peace" — H7962
- שַׂר־שָׂרִים (sar-sarim) = "Prince of princes" — H8269 sar, construct + absolute plural
- וּבְאֶפֶס יָד (u-ve-efes yad) = "and without hand" — lit. "in cessation of hand"
- יִשָּׁבֵר (yishaver) = "he shall be broken" — H7665 shavar, Niphal.Impf.3ms

Dan 8:26¶

וּמַרְאֵה הָעֶרֶב וְהַבֹּקֶר אֲשֶׁר נֶאֱמַר אֱמֶת הוּא וְאַתָּה סְתֹם הֶחָזֹון כִּי לְיָמִים רַבִּים׃

Key words:
- מַרְאֵה (mar'eh) = "vision/appearance" — H4758 (NOT chazon H2377)
- הָעֶרֶב וְהַבֹּקֶר (ha-erev ve-ha-boqer) = "the evening and the morning" — WITH articles and conjunction (contrast 8:14 asyndetic bare compound)
- סְתֹם (setom) = "shut up" — H5640 satham, Qal.Impv.2ms
- הֶחָזֹון (he-chazon) = "the vision" — H2377 chazon
- לְיָמִים רַבִּים (le-yamim rabbim) = "for many days" — H3117 yom + H7227 rav
  NOTE: Daniel uses yamim here (not erev-boqer), establishing vocabulary distinction

Dan 8:27¶

וַאֲנִי דָנִיֵּאל נִהְיֵיתִי וְנֶחֱלֵיתִי יָמִים וָאָקוּם וָאֶעֱשֶׂה אֶת־מְלֶאכֶת הַמֶּלֶךְ וָאֶשְׁתֹּומֵם עַל־הַמַּרְאֶה וְאֵין מֵבִין׃

Key words:
- נִהְיֵיתִי (nihyeiti) = "I was [done/exhausted]" — H1961 hayah, Niphal.Perf.1s
- וְנֶחֱלֵיתִי (venecheleiti) = "and I was sick" — H2470 chalah, Niphal.Perf.1s
- וָאֶשְׁתֹּומֵם (va-eshtomem) = "and I was astonished/appalled" — H8074 shamem, Hithpael.Wayq.1s
  NOTE: Same root shamem (H8074) as shomem in 8:13 — connecting Daniel's collapse to the sanctuary's desolation
- הַמַּרְאֶה (ha-mar'eh) = "the vision" — H4758 mar'eh (same word as 8:26, NOT chazon)

Dan 11:31 (CRITICAL — compare with 8:11)¶

וּזְרֹעִים מִמֶּנּוּ יַעֲמֹדוּ וְחִלְּלוּ הַמִּקְדָּשׁ הַמָּעֹוז וְהֵסִירוּ הַתָּמִיד וְנָתְנוּ הַשִּׁקּוּץ מְשֹׁומֵם׃

Key words:
- זְרֹעִים (zero'im) = "arms" — H2220 zeroa, Noun.mp.Abs
- וְחִלְּלוּ (ve-chillelu) = "and they shall pollute" — H2490 chalal, Piel.Perf.3p
- הַמִּקְדָּשׁ (ha-miqdash) = "the sanctuary" — H4720 (same as 8:11)
- הַמָּעֹוז (ha-ma'oz) = "the stronghold/fortress" — fort
- וְהֵסִירוּ (ve-hesiru) = "and they shall take away" — H5493 sur, Hiphil.Perf.3p
  NOTE: This is Hiphil of SUR (remove), NOT Hophal of RUM as in 8:11
- הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid) = "the daily" — H8548 (SAME as 8:11)
- הַשִּׁקּוּץ (ha-shiqquts) = "the abomination" — H8251
- מְשֹׁומֵם (meshomem) = "making desolate" — H8074 shamem, Piel.Ptcp.ms.Abs (Polel)

COMPARISON Dan 8:11 vs Dan 11:31:
Both share: ha-tamid (the daily), miqdash (sanctuary)
Differences:
- 8:11: huram (Hophal rum) = "was taken up" — PASSIVE
- 11:31: hesiru (Hiphil sur) = "they removed" — ACTIVE, different root entirely
- 8:11: mekhon miqdash ("place of sanctuary")
- 11:31: ha-miqdash ha-ma'oz ("sanctuary of fortress/strength")
- 8:13 uses pesha shomem; 11:31 uses shiqquts meshomem

Dan 11:36¶

וְעָשָׂה כִרְצֹונֹו הַמֶּלֶךְ וְיִתְרֹומֵם וְיִתְגַּדֵּל עַל־כָּל־אֵל וְעַל אֵל אֵלִים יְדַבֵּר נִפְלָאֹות...

Key words:
- כִרְצֹונֹו (kir'tsono) = "according to his will" — H7522 (same as 8:4, 11:3, 11:16)
- וְיִתְרֹומֵם (ve-yitromem) = "and shall exalt himself" — H7311 rum, Hithpael.Impf.3ms
- וְיִתְגַּדֵּל (ve-yitgaddel) = "and shall magnify himself" — H1431 gadal, Hithpael.Impf.3ms
- אֵל אֵלִים (el elim) = "God of gods"

Dan 12:4¶

וְאַתָּה דָנִיֵּאל סְתֹם הַדְּבָרִים וַחֲתֹם הַסֵּפֶר עַד־עֵת קֵץ...

Key words:
- סְתֹם (setom) = "shut up" — H5640 satham, Qal.Impv.2ms (SAME as 8:26)
- וַחֲתֹם (va-chatom) = "and seal" — H2856 chatham, Qal.Impv.2ms
- עֵת קֵץ (eth qets) = "time of the end" — H6256 + H7093 (SAME phrase as 8:17)

Dan 12:9¶

וַיֹּאמֶר לֵךְ דָּנִיֵּאל כִּי־סְתֻמִים וַחֲתֻמִים הַדְּבָרִים עַד־עֵת קֵץ׃

Key words:
- סְתֻמִים (setumim) = "stopped up/sealed" — H5640 satham, Qal.Ptcp.mp.Abs (SAME root as 8:26, 12:4)
- וַחֲתֻמִים (va-chatumim) = "and sealed" — H2856 chatham, Qal.Ptcp.mp.Abs
- עֵת קֵץ (eth qets) = "time of the end" — (SAME phrase again)

Dan 11:21¶

וְעָמַד עַל־כַּנֹּו נִבְזֶה וְלֹא־נָתְנוּ עָלָיו הֹוד מַלְכוּת וּבָא בְשַׁלְוָה וְהֶחֱזִיק מַלְכוּת בַּחֲלַקְלַקֹּות׃

Key words:
- נִבְזֶה (nivzeh) = "despised/vile" — H959 bazah, Niphal.Ptcp.ms.Abs
- הֹוד מַלְכוּת (hod malkut) = "honour of the kingdom"
- בְשַׁלְוָה (be-shalvah) = "in ease/peacefully" — H7962 (same word as 8:25)
- בַּחֲלַקְלַקֹּות (ba-chalaqlaqot) = "by flatteries/intrigues" — smoothness

Dan 11:23¶

וּמִן־הִתְחַבְּרוּת אֵלָיו יַעֲשֶׂה מִרְמָה וְעָלָה וְעָצַם בִּמְעַט־גֹּוי׃

Key words:
- מִרְמָה (mirmah) = "deceit" — H4820 (same as 8:25!)
- בִּמְעַט־גֹּוי (bi-me'at goy) = "with a small people" — H4592 me'at + H1471 goy

Dan 11:3 (kir'tsono chain #2)¶

וְעָמַד מֶלֶךְ גִּבֹּור וּמָשַׁל מִמְשָׁל רַב וְעָשָׂה כִּרְצֹונֹו׃

Key words:
- כִּרְצֹונֹו (kir'tsono) = "according to his will" — H7522 + 3ms

Dan 11:16 (kir'tsono chain #3)¶

וְיַעַשׂ הַבָּא אֵלָיו כִּרְצֹונֹו וְאֵין עֹומֵד לְפָנָיו וְיַעֲמֹד בְּאֶרֶץ־הַצְּבִי וְכָלָה בְיָדֹו׃

Key words:
- כִּרְצֹונֹו (kir'tsono) = "according to his will" — H7522 + 3ms
- אֶרֶץ־הַצְּבִי (erets ha-tsevi) = "land of the beauty/glory" — same tsevi as 8:9

Dan 11:27¶

וּשְׁנֵיהֶם הַמְּלָכִים לְבָבָם לְמֵרָע וְעַל־שֻׁלְחָן אֶחָד כָּזָב יְדַבֵּרוּ וְלֹא תִצְלָח כִּי־עֹוד קֵץ לַמֹּועֵד׃

Key words:
- כָּזָב (kazav) = "lie/falsehood" — H3577
- קֵץ לַמֹּועֵד (qets la-mo'ed) = "the end at the appointed time" — H7093 + H4150

Dan 9:27¶

Key words:
- שִׁקּוּצִים מְשֹׁמֵם (shiqqutsim meshomem) = "abominations making desolate"
  NOTE: PLURAL shiqqutsim here vs. singular shiqquts in 11:31
  meshomem = Piel.Ptcp (same participial form as 11:31)

Dan 12:11¶

Key words:
- הוּסַר (husar) = "was taken away" — H5493 sur, Hophal.Perf.3ms
  NOTE: Dan 12:11 uses Hophal of sur (passive of "remove"), matching 11:31's Hiphil of sur
  Dan 8:11 uses Hophal of rum (different root entirely)
- הַתָּמִיד (ha-tamid) = "the daily" — H8548
- שִׁקּוּץ שֹׁמֵם (shiqquts shomem) = "abomination of desolation"
  NOTE: shomem here is Qal.Ptcp (not Polel meshomem as in 9:27 and 11:31)
- יָמִים (yamim) = "days" — Daniel uses YAMIM here, not erev-boqer as in 8:14