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Question

What does Daniel 7 establish (E/N), and how do the three readings (HIST, PRET, FUT) compare?

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JUDGMENT

THE GENERAL: 1CH 16:33; JOB 14:17; 21:30; 31:13-15; PSA 9:7; 50:3-6; 96:13; 98:9; ECC 3:17; 11:9; 12:14; EZK 18:20-28; DAN 7:9,10; AMO 4:12; MAT 3:12; 7:22,23; 8:29; 10:15; 11:22; 12:36,37,41,42; 13:30,40-43,49,50; 16:27; 22:11-13; 23:14; 25:1-46; MRK 4:22; 8:38; 13:32; LUK 3:17; 10:10-14; 11:31,32; 12:2-5; 13:24-29; 19:12-26; 20:45-47; JHN 5:22; 12:48; ACT 2:19-21; 10:42; 17:31; 24:25; ROM 2:5-10,12-16; 14:10-12; 1CO 3:13; 4:5; 6:2; 2CO 5:10; 2TH 1:7,8; 2TI 4:1,8; HEB 6:2; 9:27; 10:27; 1PE 4:5,7; 2PE 2:4,9; 3:7,10-12; 1JN 4:17; Jude 1:6,14,15,24; REV 1:7; 6:15-17; 11:18; 20:11-15; 22:12

ACCORDING TO WORKS: GEN 4:7; JOB 34:11; PSA 62:12; ISA 3:10,11; JER 17:10,11; EZK 7:3,4,27; 18:4-9,19-32; ROM 2:5-12,27; 1CO 3:8,12-15; 2CO 2:15,16; REV 2:23; 20:12,13

ANCIENT OF DAYS

An appellative of Jehovah: DAN 7:9,13,22 Only three occurrences in Scripture, all in Daniel 7.

HORN

  • Used for anointing oil: 1SA 16:1; 1KI 1:39
  • Figurative of divine protection: 2SA 22:3
  • Figurative of power: 1KI 22:11; PSA 89:24; 92:10; 132:17
  • SYMBOLICAL: DAN 7:7-24; 8:3-9,20; AMO 6:13; MIC 4:13; HAB 3:4; ZEC 1:18-21; REV 5:6; 12:3; 13:1,11; 17:3-16

Horn symbolism in Daniel spans chs. 7 and 8 with explicit interpretation in 8:20-22 (ram = Medo-Persia, goat = Greece). The Revelation passages (12:3; 13:1; 17:3-16) extend horn symbolism with ten horns and seven heads.

KINGDOM OF HEAVEN

  • Compared to: sowing (MAT 13:24-30), mustard seed (MAT 13:31-32), leaven (MAT 13:33), treasure (MAT 13:44), pearl (MAT 13:45), net (MAT 13:47-50), ten virgins (MAT 25:1-13), talents (MAT 25:14-30; LUK 19:12-27)
  • "My kingdom is not of this world" (JHN 18:36)
  • Does not consist of meat and drink (ROM 14:17)
  • Rich people cannot enter (MAT 19:23-24)

BLASPHEMY

  • General scriptures including: DAN 7:25; 11:36,37; 2TH 2:3,4; REV 13:1,5,6; 16:9,11,21; 17:3
  • Prophecy of: REV 13:1,5,6; 16:9,11,21; 17:3
  • The man of sin explicitly listed: 2TH 2:3,4
  • Rabshakeh as historical type: 2KI 18:22; ISA 36:15-20; 37:10-33

ANTICHRIST

  • General scriptures: MAT 24:5,23,24,26; MRK 13:6,21,22; LUK 21:8; 2TH 2:3-12; 1JN 2:18,22; 4:3; 2JN 1:7
  • To be destroyed: REV 19:20; 20:10,15
  • Note: 1 John 2:18 says "even now are there many antichrists" — present in John's day, not exclusively future.

BOOK (of Life / of Judgment)

  • OF LIFE: EXO 32:32,33; PSA 69:28; 87:6; DAN 12:1; LUK 10:20; PHP 4:3; REV 3:5; 13:8; 17:8; 20:12,15; 21:27; 22:19
  • OF REMEMBRANCE: PSA 56:8; 139:16; MAL 3:16

The "books opened" in Dan 7:10 connects to both the book of life and the books of works/remembrance. Rev 20:12 explicitly shows both: "the books were opened: and another book was opened, which is the book of life."

CLOUD

  • SYMBOLICAL: REV 14:14
  • PILLAR OF: EXO 13:21,22; 14:19,24; 19:9,16; LEV 16:2; 1KI 8:10,11; EZK 10:3,4,18; MAT 17:5; LUK 9:34,35
  • APPEARANCES IN EZEKIEL'S VISION: EZK 10:3,4,18; 11:22,23

Cloud = theophanic presence of God. The pillar of cloud guided Israel, filled the temple, and appeared on the Day of Atonement over the mercy seat (Lev 16:2). Dan 7:13 "clouds of heaven" carries this theophanic significance.

THRONE

  • Of God: 2CH 18:18; PSA 9:4,7; 11:4; 47:8; 89:14; 97:2; 103:19; ISA 6:1; 66:1; MAT 5:34; HEB 8:1; REV 14:3,5
  • Of Christ: MAT 19:28; 25:31; ACT 2:30; REV 1:4; 3:21; 4:2-10; 7:9-17; 19:4; 21:5; 22:3
  • Of David: PSA 132:11,12; ISA 9:7; LUK 1:32

Dan 7:9 — thrones set (plural), Ancient of Days sits. Rev 4:2-10 — throne in heaven, 24 elders.

PERSECUTION (of the Righteous)

PSA 44:22; MAT 5:10-12; 10:16-18,21-23; 23:34,35; 24:8-10; LUK 21:12-19; JHN 16:1,2; ACT 7:52; 8:4; ROM 8:35-37; 2CO 4:8-12; 2TI 3:12; HEB 11:33-38; REV 2:3,10,13; 6:9-11; 12:11; 17:6; 20:4 - Diffuses the gospel: ACT 8:1,4; PHP 1:12-14

MARTYRDOM

PSA 44:22; MAT 10:21,22,39; 23:34,35; 24:9; REV 6:9-11; 11:7-12; 12:11; 16:6; 17:6

LAW

  • Divine authority: EXO 19:16-24; 20:1-17; DEU 4:10-13; 33:2; ISA 33:22; ACT 7:38,53; GAL 3:19; HEB 2:2
  • Given at Sinai: EXO 19; DEU 1:1; 4:10-13
  • Messianic prophecies in: LUK 24:44; JHN 1:45; 5:46

ORDINANCE

  • A decree: EXO 12:14,24,43; ISA 24:5; MAL 4:4; ROM 13:2
  • ISA 24:5 = "changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant" — key parallel to Dan 7:25

PROPHECY

  • Inspired: 2TI 3:16; 2PE 1:21
  • Sure fulfillment: EZK 12:22-25; HAB 2:3; MAT 5:18; 24:35
  • Messianic chain: ISA 9:7 -> DAN 7:14,27 -> LUK 1:32,33
  • This chain explicitly connects David's throne (ISA 9:7) through Daniel's everlasting kingdom (DAN 7:14,27) to Christ's kingdom announced by Gabriel (LUK 1:32,33).

DANIEL

  • A Jewish captive, also called Belteshazzar
  • Prophecies: DAN 7; 8; 9; 10; 11; 12; referenced by Jesus in MAT 24:15
  • Wisdom: DAN 1:17; EZK 28:3
  • Devoutness: EZK 14:14

Connection: ISA 24:5 and Dan 7:25

Nave's ORDINANCE entry lists ISA 24:5 which contains the phrase "changed the ordinance, broken the everlasting covenant." This provides a Hebrew parallel to the Aramaic "think to change times and laws" of Dan 7:25. Both describe human presumption to alter divine decrees.

Connection: Blasphemy Chain (Dan 7:25 -> 2 Thess 2:3-4 -> Rev 13:5-6)

Nave's BLASPHEMY entry explicitly groups DAN 7:25, 2TH 2:3,4, and REV 13:1,5,6 together — recognizing these as parallel descriptions of the same blasphemous activity.

Connection: Antichrist "Already Present"

Nave's ANTICHRIST entry includes 1JN 2:18 ("even now are there many antichrists") and 4:3 ("even now already is it in the world"), which is significant for the HIST reading — the antichrist principle was operative in the first century, not exclusively future.