Raw Hebrew/Aramaic Parsing Output¶

Daniel 7:7 — Fourth Beast Description¶

בָּאתַר דְּנָה חָזֵה הֲוֵית בְּחֶזְוֵי לֵילְיָא וַאֲרוּ חֵיוָה רביעיה דְּחִילָה וְאֵימְתָנִי וְתַקִּיפָא יַתִּירָא וְשִׁנַּיִן דִּי־פַרְזֶל רַבְרְבָן אָכְלָה וּמַדֱּקָה וּשְׁאָרָא בְּרַגְלַהּ רָפְסָה וְהִיא מְשַׁנְּיָה מִן־כָּל חֵיוָתָא דִּי קָדָמַיהּ וְקַרְנַיִן עֲשַׂר

KEY: meshanneyah (Pa'el Ptcp f.s. of shanah) = "being different" — intensified form KEY: maddaqah (Haph'el Ptcp f.s. of dqq) = "crushing" — causative form, same root as Dan 2:40 href="#__codelineno-0-1">Hebrew Lemma Parsing Gloss באתר Noun.ms.Abs after דנה DemPron.ms this חזה Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs see הוה Verb.peal.Perf.1s be חזו Noun.mp.Cst vision לילי Noun.ms night ארו Interj behold חיוה Noun.fs.Abs animal רביעי Adj.fs.Abs fourth דחל Verb.peal.Ptcp.fs.Abs fear אימתני Adj.ms.Abs terrible תקיף Adj.fs.Abs strong יתיר Adj.fs.Abs excessive שׁן Noun.fd.Abs tooth פרזל Noun.ms.Abs iron רב Adj.fp.Abs great אכל Verb.peal.Ptcp.fs.Abs eat דקק Verb.haf.Ptcp.fs.Abs crush [Haph'el!] שׁאר Noun.ms rest רגל Noun.fs.Abs+3fs foot רפס Verb.peal.Ptcp.fs.Abs trample upon היא PersPron.3fs she שׁנה Verb.pael.Ptcp.fs.Abs be different [Pa'el!] כל Noun.ms.Cst whole חיוה Noun.fp animal קדם Noun.mp.Abs+3fs before קרן Noun.fd.Abs horn עשׂר Noun.s.Abs ten

Daniel 7:8 — Little Horn with Eyes and Mouth¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
מִשְׂתַּכַּל   שׂכל         Verb.htpa.Ptcp.ms.Abs     consider
הֲוֵית         הוה          Verb.peal.Perf.1s         be
בְּקַרְנַיָּא  קרן          Noun.fd                   horn
וַאֲלוּ        אלו          Interj                    behold
קֶרֶן          קרן          Noun.fs.Abs               horn
אָחֳרִי        אחרי         Adj.fs.Abs                another
זְעֵירָה       זעיר         Adj.fs.Abs                small
סִלְקָת        סלק          Verb.peal.Perf.3fs        go up
ביניהון        בין          Noun.mp.Abs+3fp           between
וּתְלָת        תלת          Noun.s.Abs                three
מִן־קַרְנַיָּא קרן          Noun.fd                   horn
קַדְמָיָתָא    קדמי         Adj.fp                    first
אתעקרו        עקר          Verb.etpe.Perf.3fp        pluck out
מִן־קדמיה     קדם          Noun.s.Abs+3fs            before
וַאֲלוּ        אלו          Interj                    behold
עַיְנִין       עין          Noun.fp.Abs               eye
כְּעַיְנֵי     עין          Noun.fp.Cst               eye
אֲנָשָׁא       אנשׁ         Noun.ms [emphatic]        mankind
בְּקַרְנָא     קרן          Noun.fs                   horn
דָּא           דא           DemPron.fs                this
וּפֻם          פם           Noun.ms.Abs               mouth
מְמַלִּל       מלל          Verb.pael.Ptcp.ms.Abs     speak [Pa'el!]
רַבְרְבָן      רב           Adj.fp.Abs                great

KEY: qadmayata (Adj.fp emphatic of qadmay) = "the first/former" — FUT debates whether this means "first in sequence" or "first in rank" KEY: anasha (emphatic) = "a man / mankind" — FUT argues emphatic = individual person KEY: memallel (Pa'el Ptcp) = "speaking" — intensified: not just speaking but speaking emphatically/grandly

Daniel 7:9 — Judgment Scene¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
חָזֵה          חזה          Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs     see
הֲוֵית         הוה          Verb.peal.Perf.1s         be
עַד דִּי       עד/די        Prep                      until <relative>
כָרְסָוָן      כרסא         Noun.mp.Abs               throne [PLURAL]
רְמִיו         רמה          Verb.peil.Perf.3mp        throw/place [Peil passive]
וְעַתִּיק      עתיק         Adj.ms.Cst                old
יֹומִין        יום          Noun.mp.Abs               day
יְתִב         יתב          Verb.peal.Perf.3ms        sit
לְבוּשֵׁהּ     לבושׁ        Noun.ms.Abs+3ms           garment
כִּתְלַג       תלג          Noun.ms.Abs               snow
חִוָּר         חור          Adj.ms.Abs                white
וּשְׂעַר       שׂער         Noun.ms.Cst               hair
רֵאשֵׁהּ       ראשׁ         Noun.ms.Abs+3ms           head
כַּעֲמַר       עמר          Noun.ms.Abs               wool
נְקֵא          נקא          Adj.ms.Abs                pure
כָּרְסְיֵהּ    כרסא         Noun.ms.Abs+3ms           throne [his throne]
שְׁבִיבִין     שׁביב        Noun.mp.Abs               flame
דִּי נוּר      נור          Noun.s.Abs                fire
גַּלְגִּלֹּוהִי גלגל         Noun.mp.Abs+3ms           wheel
נוּר           נור          Noun.s.Abs                fire
דָּלִק         דלק          Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs     burn

KEY: korsowan (plural) = "thrones" — multiple thrones placed in the judgment scene KEY: remiyw (Peil passive Perf 3mp) = "were placed/set" — NOT "cast down" (KJV misleading); thrones were SET UP for the judgment

Daniel 7:11 — Beast Slain and Burned¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
חָזֵה הֲוֵית   חזה/הוה      Ptcp+Perf                 I was watching
בֵּאדַיִן       אדין         Adv                       then
מִן־קָל        קל           Noun.ms.Cst               voice
מִלַּיָּא       מלה          Noun.fp                   word
רַבְרְבָתָא    רב           Adj.fp                    great
דִּי קַרְנָא   קרן          Noun.fs                   horn
מְמַלֱּלָה     מלל          Verb.pael.Ptcp.fs.Abs     speak [Pa'el]
עַד דִּי       עד/די        until <relative>
קְטִילַת       קטל          Verb.peil.Perf.3fs        kill [Peil passive = was slain]
חֵיוְתָא       חיוה         Noun.fs                   animal
וְהוּבַד       אבד          Verb.Hophal.Perf.3ms      perish [Hophal passive = was destroyed]
גִּשְׁמַהּ     גשׁם         Noun.ms.Abs+3fs           body
וִיהִיבַת      יהב          Verb.peil.Perf.3fs        give [Peil passive = was given]
לִיקֵדַת       יקדה         Noun.fs.Cst               firebrand/burning
אֶשָּׁא        אשׁא         Noun.fs.Abs               fire

KEY: qetilat (Peil Perf 3fs of qetal) = "was slain" — passive: the beast was killed KEY: hubad (Hophal Perf 3ms of 'abad) = "was destroyed" — causative passive: body was caused to perish KEY: "given to the burning of fire" — FUT argues this catastrophic fiery destruction never happened to historical Rome

Daniel 7:12 — Other Beasts' Lives Prolonged¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
וּשְׁאָר       שׁאר         Noun.ms.Cst               rest
חֵיוָתָא       חיוה         Noun.fp                   animal
הֶעְדִּיו      עדה          Verb.haf.Perf.3mp         go [Haph'el = remove/take away]
שָׁלְטָנְהֹון  שׁלטן        Noun.ms.Abs+3mp           official/dominion
וְאַרְכָה      ארכה         Noun.fs.Abs               length/prolonging
בְחַיִּין       חיין         Noun.mp.Abs               life
יְהִיבַת       יהב          Verb.peil.Perf.3fs        give [Peil passive]
לְהֹון         ל            Prep+3mp                  to them
עַד זְמַן      זמן          Noun.ms.Abs               time/season
וְעִדָּן        עדן          Noun.ms.Abs               time [H5732]

KEY: he'ddiyw (Haph'el Perf 3mp of 'adah) = "was removed" — their dominion was taken away KEY: 'arkah be-chayin yehivat lehon = "an extension of life was given to them" KEY: 'ad zeman we-'iddan = "until a season and a time" — uses both zeman and iddan

Daniel 7:13 — Son of Man Coming with Clouds¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
חָזֵה הֲוֵית   חזה/הוה      Ptcp+Perf                 I was watching
בְּחֶזְוֵי     חזו          Noun.mp.Cst               vision
לֵילְיָא       לילי         Noun.ms                   night
וַאֲרוּ        ארו          Interj                    behold
עִם            עם           Prep                      WITH [not "on/upon"]
עֲנָנֵי        ענן          Noun.mp.Cst               cloud
שְׁמַיָּא      שׁמין        Noun.mp                   heaven
כְּבַר         בר           Noun.ms.Cst               son [ke = "like"]
אֱנָשׁ         אנשׁ         Noun.ms.Abs               mankind
אָתֵה          אתה          Verb.peal.Ptcp.ms.Abs     come
הֲוָה          הוה          Verb.peal.Perf.3ms        be
וְעַד          עד           Prep                      AND-UNTIL/TO [direction: toward]
עַתִּיק        עתיק         Adj.ms.Cst                old [Ancient]
יֹומַיָּא      יום          Noun.mp                   day [of Days]
מְטָה          מטא          Verb.peal.Perf.3ms        come/arrive [ARRIVED at]
וּקְדָמֹוהִי   קדם          Noun.mp.Abs+3ms           before him
הַקְרְבוּהִי   קרב          Verb.haf.Perf.3mp+3ms     approach [Haph'el causative: they caused him to approach]

KEY PREPOSITIONS: - 'im (עִם) = "with" — the clouds accompany, they are the mode of conveyance - we-'ad (וְעַד) = "and to/unto" — direction is TOWARD the Ancient of Days - meta (מְטָה) = "arrived" (Peal Perf 3ms of meta') — the Son of Man REACHED the Ancient of Days - haqrebuhi (Haph'el Perf 3mp + 3ms suffix) = "they brought HIM near" — causative: others presented him before the Ancient. The 3ms object suffix indicates an INDIVIDUAL.

DIRECTION OF MOVEMENT: The Aramaic prepositions (we-'ad = toward; meta' = arrived at; qodamohi = before him) all indicate the Son of Man moves TOWARD the Ancient of Days, not toward earth. This is a challenge for FUT's Second Coming reading.

Daniel 7:14 — Dominion Given to Son of Man¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
וְלֵהּ         ל            Prep+3ms                  to him
יְהִיב         יהב          Verb.peil.Perf.3ms        give [Peil passive = was given]
שָׁלְטָן       שׁלטן        Noun.ms.Abs               official/dominion
וִיקָר         יקר          Noun.ms.Abs               dignity/glory
וּמַלְכוּ      מלכו         Noun.fs.Abs               kingdom
וְכֹל          כל           Noun.ms.Cst               whole
עַמְמַיָּא     עם           Noun.mp                   people
אֻמַיָּא       אמה          Noun.fp                   nation
וְלִשָּׁנַיָּא  לשׁן         Noun.mp                   tongue/language
לֵהּ           ל            Prep+3ms                  to him
יִפְלְחוּן     פלח          Verb.peal.Impf.3mp        serve
שָׁלְטָנֵהּ    שׁלטן        Noun.ms.Abs+3ms           his dominion
שָׁלְטָן       שׁלטן        Noun.ms.Cst               dominion
עָלַם          עלם          Noun.ms.Abs               eternity
דִּי לָא       לא           Neg                       not
יֶעְדֵּה       עדה          Verb.peal.Impf.3ms        go/pass away
וּמַלְכוּתֵהּ   מלכו         Noun.fs.Abs+3ms           his kingdom
דִּי לָא       לא           Neg                       not
תִתְחַבַּל     חבל          Verb.htpa.Impf.3fs        be harmful/destroyed

KEY: Triple description: sholtan (dominion) + yeqar (glory) + malku (kingdom) = all given to HIM KEY: "all peoples, nations, and tongues shall serve HIM" (leh yiflchun) — 3ms suffix = individual KEY: sholtan 'alam di la ye'addeh = "an everlasting dominion that shall not pass away" KEY: malkuteh di la titchabbal = "his kingdom that shall not be destroyed"

Daniel 7:23 — Angel's Interpretation: Fourth Beast = Fourth Kingdom¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
כֵּן           כן           Adv                       thus
אֲמַר          אמר          Verb.peal.Perf.3ms        say
חֵיוְתָא       חיוה         Noun.fs                   animal
רְבִיעָיְתָא   רביעי        Adj.fs                    fourth
מַלְכוּ        מלכו         Noun.fs.Abs               kingdom
רביעיא         רביעי        Adj.fs.Abs                fourth
תֶּהֱוֵא       הוה          Verb.peal.Impf.3fs        be
בְאַרְעָא      ארע          Noun.fs                   earth
דִּי תִשְׁנֵא  שׁנה         Verb.peal.Impf.2ms(3fs)   be different
מִן כָּל       כל           Noun.ms.Cst               whole
מַלְכְוָתָא    מלכו         Noun.fp                   kingdom
וְתֵאכֻל       אכל          Verb.peal.Impf.3fs        eat/devour
כָּל אַרְעָא   ארע          Noun.fs                   earth
וּתְדוּשִׁנַּהּ דושׁ         Verb.peal.Impf.3fs+3fs    trample upon it
וְתַדְּקִנַּהּ  דקק          Verb.haf.Impf.3fs+3fs     crush it [Haph'el]

KEY: The angel EXPLICITLY identifies the fourth beast as a KINGDOM (malku) = "the fourth kingdom upon earth" KEY: tishne' (Pe'al Impf of shanah) = "shall be different" from ALL kingdoms KEY: The d'qaq vocabulary: taddqinnah (Haph'el Impf 3fs+3fs) = "shall crush it" — same root as Dan 2:40

Daniel 7:24 — Ten Horns = Ten Kings, Little Horn = Another King¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
וְקַרְנַיָּא   קרן          Noun.fd                   horn
עֲשַׂר         עשׂר         Noun.s.Abs                ten
מִנַּהּ         מן           Prep+3fs                  from it [the kingdom]
מַלְכוּתָה     מלכו         Noun.fs                   kingdom
עַשְׂרָה       עשׂר         Noun.fs.Abs               ten
מַלְכִין       מלך          Noun.mp.Abs               king
יְקֻמוּן       קום          Verb.peal.Impf.3mp        stand/arise
וְאָחֳרָן      אחרן         Adj.ms.Abs                another
יְקוּם         קום          Verb.peal.Impf.3ms        stand/arise
אַחֲרֵיהֹון    אחר          Noun.mp.Abs+3mp           after them
וְהוּא         הוא          PersPron.3ms              he
יִשְׁנֵא       שׁנה         Verb.peal.Impf.3ms        be different
מִן קַדְמָיֵא  קדמי         Adj.mp                    first/former
וּתְלָתָה      תלת          Noun.fs.Abs               three
מַלְכִין       מלך          Noun.mp.Abs               king
יְהַשְׁפִּל    שׁפל         Verb.haf.Impf.3ms         be low [Haph'el = bring low/subdue]

KEY: The angel EXPLICITLY identifies horns as KINGS (malkin), not kingdoms KEY: qadmaye (Adj.mp of qadmay) = "first/former" — FUT reads this as "the original/existing" (supporting simultaneity), HIST as "the earlier/former" (allowing sequence) KEY: yahashpil (Haph'el Impf 3ms of shaphel) = "shall bring low/subdue" — active causative: he SHALL subdue three kings KEY: FUT grammatical argument: beast = malku (kingdom, v.23), horns = malkin (kings, v.24). The text distinguishes beast-as-kingdom from horns-as-individual-kings. If horns = individual kings, then the little horn = an individual king (not an institution).

Daniel 7:25 — Speaking, Wearing Out, Changing Times and Law¶

Hebrew          Lemma        Parsing                   Gloss
וּמִלִּין       מלה          Noun.fp.Abs               word
לְצַד          צד           Noun.ms.Cst               side
עליא           עלי          Adj.ms                    highest [the Most High]
יְמַלִּל       מלל          Verb.pael.Impf.3ms        speak [Pa'el = speak grandly]
וּלְקַדִּישֵׁי  קדישׁ        Adj.mp.Cst                holy
עֶלְיֹונִין    עליון        Adj.mp.Abs                most high
יְבַלֵּא       בלה          Verb.pael.Impf.3ms        wear out [Pa'el intensive]
וְיִסְבַּר     סבר          Verb.peal.Impf.3ms        intend/think [HAPAX]
לְהַשְׁנָיָה   שׁנה         Verb.haf.InfCon           be different [Haph'el Inf = to change]
זִמְנִין       זמן          Noun.mp.Abs               time/appointed time
וְדָת          דת           Noun.fs.Abs               law [singular absolute]
וְיִתְיַהֲבוּן  יהב          Verb.htpe.Impf.3mp        give [Hithpe'el = be given]
בִּידֵהּ       יד           Noun.fs.Abs+3ms           hand
עַד עִדָּן      עדן          Noun.ms.Abs               time [H5732]
וְעִדָּנִין     עדן          Noun.mp.Abs               times
וּפְלַג        פלג          Noun.ms.Cst               half
עִדָּן         עדן          Noun.ms.Abs               time

KEY VERBS (three actions of the little horn): 1. yemallel (Pa'el Impf 3ms) = "shall speak" — Pa'el intensifies: speaks grandly/blasphemously 2. yeballe' (Pa'el Impf 3ms) = "shall wear out" — Pa'el intensifies: continual harassment 3. yisbar (Pe'al Impf 3ms) = "shall intend/think" — HAPAX: intention to change, not accomplished change per BDB + le-hashnayah (Haph'el Inf of shanah) = "to change" — what the horn intends

KEY NOUNS (targets of the changing): - zimniyn (times, from zeman) = appointed times/festivals - we-dat (and law, singular absolute) = THE law (divine law per BDB classification)

KEY TIME FORMULA: - 'iddan (a time) + we-'iddanin (and times [plural/dual]) + u-felag 'iddan (and half a time) = 3.5 iddan - Same word iddan (H5732) as Dan 4:16,25,32 where "seven times" = seven years