Raw Grammar Reference Data¶

Third Class Conditional (ean + subjunctive)¶

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.311¶

"The first class condition is popularly taken to mean the condition of... Table 10: The Structure of Conditions"

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.315¶

"Structurally, these two are virtually identical: The fifth class condition requires a present indicative in the apodosis, while the third class can take virtually any mood-tense combination, including the present indicative. Semantically, their meaning is a bit different. The third class condition..."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.311¶

"2. Structural Categories of Conditional Sentences... Each pattern is known as a class; hence, first class, second class, third class, and fourth class."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.204¶

"On the other hand, sometimes the subjunctive acts like a future indicative. In dependent clauses, for example, often it functions more like an indicative than an optative."

Hudson, Teach Yourself NT Greek, p.85-86¶

"THE VERB -- SUBJUNCTIVE MOOD: The Indicative Mood expresses a fact, it indicates something."

Aorist Imperative¶

Duff, Elements of NT Greek, p.96¶

"It's easy to mix up the Future Indicative and the Aorist Imperative (both have a suffix and no prefix). The endings are the key -- if it looks like a Future but doesn't..."

Duff, Elements of NT Greek, p.95¶

"THE IMPERATIVE -- Acts 16.31"

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.318¶

"The basic force of the aorist in commands/prohibitions is that it views the action as a whole, while the basic force of the present in commands/prohibitions is that it views the action..."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.320¶

"b. Constative: This is a solemn or categorical command. The stress is not 'begin an action,' nor 'continue to act.' Rather, the stress is on the solemnity and urgency of the action; thus 'I solemnly charge you...'"

Future Indicative as Command (Imperatival Future)¶

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.319¶

"1. Future Indicative (Cohortative Indicative, Imperatival Future): The future indicative is sometimes used for a command, almost always in OT quotations (the result of a literal translation of the Hebrew). Its force is emphatic, in keeping with the combined nature of the indicative mood..."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.199¶

"5. Cohortative (Command, Volitive) Indicative: The future indicative is sometimes used for a command, almost always in OT quotations (because of a literal translation of the Hebrew). However, it was used occasionally even in classical Greek. Outside of Matthew, this usage..."

Double Article / Second Attributive Position¶

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.98¶

"Sometimes the article is equivalent to a relative pronoun in force. This is especially true when it is repeated after a noun before a phrase (e.g., a gen. phrase). For example, in 1 Cor 1:18 ho logos ho tou staurou means 'the word of the cross'..."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.140¶

"Rather than treat attributive and predicate positions separately, both will be dealt with under the same structural heading."

BDF (Blass-Debrunner-Funk), p.179¶

"THE ARTICLE WITH TWO OR MORE..."

BDF, p.176¶

"It is also possible for an attributive adjective used in postposition with an anarthrous substantive to take the article, by means of which the definiteness of the substantive is supplied only as an afterthought through the additional phrase (clause)."

Hina Clause (Purpose / Epexegetical)¶

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.208¶

"As in Jewish and pagan thought, purpose and result are identical in declarations of the divine will... b. Hina + the Subjunctive: The single most common category of the subjunctive in the NT is after hina..."

Wallace, Basics of NT Syntax, p.208¶

"best option: Jesus is not saying that it is probable that he will bear testimony about himself. Rather, he is simply stating a supposition ('If A, then B')."

Duff, Elements of NT Greek, p.208¶

"A Subjunctive sometimes introduces clauses that might be better categorised as 'noun clauses' rather than 'purpose clauses'. However, if you approach them as purpose clauses, their meaning soon becomes clear."