Raw Greek Parsing Data¶
Hebrews 8:10¶
Greek: ὅτι αὕτη ἡ διαθήκη ἣν διαθήσομαι τῷ οἴκῳ Ἰσραὴλ μετὰ τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας, λέγει Κύριος, διδοὺς νόμους μου εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν αὐτῶν, καὶ ἐπὶ καρδίας αὐτῶν ἐπιγράψω αὐτούς, καὶ ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεόν καὶ αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| ὅτι | ὅτι | G3754 | CONJ |
| αὕτη | οὗτος | G3778 | D-NSF Nom Sg F |
| ἡ | ὁ | G3588 | T-NSF Art Nom Sg F |
| διαθήκη | διαθήκη | G1242 | N-NSF Nom Sg F -- covenant |
| ἣν | ὅς | G3739 | R-ASF Acc Sg F |
| διαθήσομαι | διατίθημι | G1303 | V-FDI-1S Fut Mid Ind 1s -- I will make/dispose |
| τῷ οἴκῳ | ὁ + οἶκος | G3588 + G3624 | T-DSM + N-DSM -- the house |
| Ἰσραὴλ | Ἰσραήλ | G2474 | N-PRI -- Israel |
| μετὰ | μετά | G3326 | PREP -- after |
| τὰς ἡμέρας ἐκείνας | ὁ + ἡμέρα + ἐκεῖνος | G3588+G2250+G1565 | the days those |
| λέγει | λέγω | G3004 | V-PAI-3S -- says |
| Κύριος | κύριος | G2962 | N-NSM -- Lord |
| διδοὺς | δίδωμι | G1325 | V-PAP-NSM Pres Act Ptcp -- giving |
| νόμους | νόμος | G3551 | N-APM Acc Pl M -- laws |
| μου | ἐγώ | G1473 | P-1GS -- my |
| εἰς τὴν διάνοιαν | εἰς + ὁ + διάνοια | G1519+G3588+G1271 | PREP + Art + N-ASF -- into the mind |
| αὐτῶν | αὐτός | G846 | P-GPM -- of them |
| ἐπὶ καρδίας | ἐπί + καρδία | G1909+G2588 | PREP + N-APF -- upon hearts |
| αὐτῶν | αὐτός | G846 | P-GPM -- of them |
| ἐπιγράψω | ἐπιγράφω | G1924 | V-FAI-1S Fut Act Ind 1s -- I will write upon |
| αὐτούς | αὐτός | G846 | P-APM -- them |
| ἔσομαι αὐτοῖς εἰς Θεόν | εἰμί + αὐτός + εἰς + θεός | G1510+G846+G1519+G2316 | I will be to them for God |
| αὐτοὶ ἔσονταί μοι εἰς λαόν | αὐτός + εἰμί + ἐγώ + εἰς + λαός | G846+G1510+G1473+G1519+G2992 | they will be to me for a people |
Key observations: - νόμους μου (nomous mou) = "MY laws" -- possessive genitive, first person - ἐπιγράψω (epigrapho, G1924) = "I will write upon" -- future active indicative; same verb appears in Heb 10:16, Mrk 15:26 (inscription), Acts 17:23 (altar inscription), and Prov 7:3 (LXX) - διάνοιαν (dianoia, G1271) = "mind/understanding" -- distinct from kardia (heart); Heb 8:10 uses both terms: "into their mind" and "upon their hearts" - καρδίας (kardias, G2588) = "hearts" -- accusative plural feminine - The verb changes from Hebrew kathab (Jer 31:33) to Greek epigrapho (Heb 8:10) -- epigrapho carries the sense of inscription/engraving
2 Corinthians 3:3¶
Greek: φανερούμενοι ὅτι ἐστὲ ἐπιστολὴ Χριστοῦ διακονηθεῖσα ὑφ' ἡμῶν, ἐνγεγραμμένη οὐ μέλανι ἀλλὰ Πνεύματι Θεοῦ ζῶντος, οὐκ ἐν πλαξὶν λιθίναις ἀλλ' ἐν πλαξὶν καρδίαις σαρκίναις.
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| φανερούμενοι | φανερόω | G5319 | V-PPP-NPM Pres Pass Ptcp -- being revealed |
| ὅτι | ὅτι | G3754 | CONJ -- that |
| ἐστὲ | εἰμί | G1510 | V-PAI-2P -- you are |
| ἐπιστολὴ | ἐπιστολή | G1992 | N-NSF -- letter/epistle |
| Χριστοῦ | Χριστός | G5547 | N-GSM Gen Sg M -- of Christ |
| διακονηθεῖσα | διακονέω | G1247 | V-APP-NSF Aor Pass Ptcp -- having been ministered |
| ὑφ' ἡμῶν | ὑπό + ἐγώ | G5259+G1473 | PREP + P-1GP -- by us |
| ἐνγεγραμμένη | ἐγγράφω | G1449 | V-RPP-NSF Perf Pass Ptcp -- having been inscribed/engraved |
| οὐ μέλανι | οὐ + μέλας | G3756+G3188 | PRT-N + A-DSN -- not with ink |
| ἀλλὰ | ἀλλά | G235 | CONJ -- but |
| Πνεύματι | πνεῦμα | G4151 | N-DSN Dat Sg N -- with the Spirit (dative of instrument) |
| Θεοῦ ζῶντος | θεός + ζάω | G2316+G2198 | N-GSM + V-PAP-GSM -- of the living God |
| οὐκ ἐν | οὐ + ἐν | G3756+G1722 | PRT-N + PREP -- not in |
| πλαξὶν λιθίναις | πλάξ + λίθινος | G4109+G3035 | N-DPF + A-DPF -- tables of stone |
| ἀλλ' ἐν | ἀλλά + ἐν | G235+G1722 | CONJ + PREP -- but in |
| πλαξὶν καρδίαις σαρκίναις | πλάξ + καρδία + σάρκινος | G4109+G2588+G4560 | N-DPF + N-DPF + A-DPF -- fleshy tables of the heart |
Key observations: - ἐγγράφω (engrapho, G1449) = "inscribe/engrave" -- perfect passive participle; only 2 NT uses (2 Cor 3:2, 3:3 + Luk 10:20) - The contrast is explicit: NOT ink / BUT Spirit; NOT stone tables / BUT fleshy heart tables - πλαξὶν λιθίναις (plaxin lithinais) = "tablets of stone" -- the stone tablets are identified by Paul as the medium of the Decalogue - σαρκίναις (sarkinais, G4560) = "fleshy/made of flesh" -- describes the new medium: living heart tissue replacing dead stone - Πνεύματι Θεοῦ ζῶντος (pneumati theou zontos) = "with the Spirit of the living God" -- the Spirit is the instrument of the writing (dative of instrument)
Romans 2:15¶
Greek: οἵτινες ἐνδείκνυνται τὸ ἔργον τοῦ νόμου γραπτὸν ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις αὐτῶν, συνμαρτυρούσης αὐτῶν τῆς συνειδήσεως καὶ μεταξὺ ἀλλήλων τῶν λογισμῶν κατηγορούντων ἢ καὶ ἀπολογουμένων
| Word | Lemma | Strong's | Parsing |
|---|---|---|---|
| οἵτινες | ὅστις | G3748 | R-NPM -- who |
| ἐνδείκνυνται | ἐνδείκνυμι | G1731 | V-PMI-3P Pres Mid Ind -- show/demonstrate |
| τὸ ἔργον | ὁ + ἔργον | G3588+G2041 | T-ASN + N-ASN -- the work |
| τοῦ νόμου | ὁ + νόμος | G3588+G3551 | T-GSM + N-GSM -- of the law |
| γραπτὸν | γραπτός | G1123 | A-ASN -- written |
| ἐν ταῖς καρδίαις | ἐν + ὁ + καρδία | G1722+G3588+G2588 | PREP + T-DPF + N-DPF -- in the hearts |
| αὐτῶν | αὐτός | G846 | P-GPM -- of them |
| συνμαρτυρούσης | συμμαρτυρέω | G4828 | V-PAP-GSF -- bearing witness together (genitive absolute) |
| αὐτῶν τῆς συνειδήσεως | αὐτός + ὁ + συνείδησις | G846+G3588+G4893 | their conscience |
| μεταξὺ ἀλλήλων | μεταξύ + ἀλλήλων | G3342+G240 | between one another |
| τῶν λογισμῶν | ὁ + λογισμός | G3588+G3053 | the thoughts/reasonings |
| κατηγορούντων | κατηγορέω | G2723 | V-PAP-GPM -- accusing |
| ἢ καὶ | ἤ + καί | G2228+G2532 | or also |
| ἀπολογουμένων | ἀπολογέομαι | G626 | V-PNP-GPM -- defending/excusing |
Key observations: - τὸ ἔργον τοῦ νόμου (to ergon tou nomou) = "the work of the law" -- singular ergon (work), not plural erga (works); this is the law's work/effect, not law-works - γραπτὸν (grapton, G1123) = "written" -- verbal adjective from grapho; describes the work of the law as inscribed in hearts - συνείδησις (syneidesis, G4893) = "conscience" -- the conscience bears witness alongside the written law-work - λογισμῶν (logismon, G3053) = "reasonings/thoughts" -- these accuse or defend, indicating moral judgment faculty - The three witnesses: (1) the work of the law written in hearts, (2) the conscience bearing witness, (3) thoughts accusing or defending